فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

تفاهم نامه

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

اخبار و اعلانات

راهنمای نگارش

فایل ها

داوران

داوران 1402

داوران سال1401

داوران1400

داوران سال1399

داوران سال1398

راهنمای ثبت نام درPublons

آیین نامه نشریات علمی

شیوه نامه ارزیابی نشریات علمی

آیین نامه اجرایی قانون پیگیری و مقابله با تقلب در تهیه آثار علمی

تحلیل و ارزیابی مولفه‌های کلیدی در ایجاد گردشگری سلامت پایدار در شهر تهران با کاربست مدل پادین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

از دیرباز تاکنون، گردشگری سلامت یکی از انواع جذاب و پرطرفدار گردشگری بوده است. علل و عوامل مختلفی در ایجاد و توسعه این نوع از گردشگری وجود دارند که نیازمند تحلیل و بررسی می‌باشند. تحقیق حاضر، با هدف تحلیل و ارزیابی مؤلفه‌های کلیدی در ایجاد گردشگری سلامت پایدار در شهر تهران انجام شده که از مدل پادین به‌عنوان بستری در راستای نیل به هدف استفاده کرده است. روش تحقیق، ترکیبی بوده که با استفاده از روش کیفی پنل خبرگان و روش کمی پیمایش به بررسی موضوع پرداخته است. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها و اطلاعات در روش کیفی، مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته و در مرحله کمی، پرسشنامه می‌باشند. تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل آماری داده‌های تحقیق با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS-26 و Smart-PLS3 انجام شدند. در مرحله کیفی، تعداد 15 خبره از رشته‌های مرتبط در پنل، مشارکت داشتند و در مرحله کمی، با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای تعداد 26 خبره به سؤالات پرسشنامه پاسخ دادند. مطابق با تحلیل و کدگذاری مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته تعداد 71 مضمون پایه، 24 مضمون سازمان‌دهنده و 6 مضمون فراگیر استخراج شدند و در مرحله کمی، ضمن تأیید تمامی مؤلفه‌ها، مقادیر مؤلفه اقتصادی از سایر موارد بالاتر و بیشتر محاسبه گردید. مطابق با نتایج تحقیق، گردشگری سلامت می‌تواند از جمله جایگزین‌های قابل اعتماد در زمینه های مختلف باشد. همچنین می‌تواند به مثابه عاملی در هدایت خط‌مشی‌ها و سیاست‌های مرتبط برای توسعه گردشگری پایدار در آینده باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis and Evaluation of Key Components in Creating Sustainable Health Tourism in Tehran Using the Padin Model

نویسنده [English]

  • Rahim Zare

Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Since long ago, health tourism has been one of the most attractive and popular. Various causes and factors in creating and developing this type of tourism need to be investigated and verified. The current research has been conducted to analyze and evaluate the critical components in creating sustainable health tourism in Tehran, using the Padin Model to achieve the goal. The research method is a mix that has investigated the issue using the qualitative method of the expert panel and the quantitative survey method. The tools for collecting data and information in the qualitative method are semi-structured interviews and questionnaires in the quantitative stage. Statistical analysis of research data was done using SPSS-26 and Smart-PLS3 software. In the qualitative stage, 15 experts from related fields participated in the panel, and in the quantitative stage, using stratified sampling, 26 experts answered the questionnaire questions. According to the analysis and coding of semi-structured interviews, 71 basic themes, 24 organizing themes, and six global themes were extracted in the quantitative stage while confirming all the components. The values of the economic component were calculated higher than in other cases. According to the research results, health tourism can be among the reliable alternatives in different aspects. Also, it can be a factor in guiding related policies and politics for sustainable tourism development in the future.
 
Introduction
Today, people travel for health, fitness, and well-being, not relaxation. In response to this growing demand, countries, health and medical service providers, and hospitality and tourism organizations are adapting to offer a broader range of health, wellness, and medical tourism experiences. Among the factors that encourage health tourists to look for an alternative health tourism destination are the cost of the medical services provided, the medical staff, the medical center’s reputation, and their credibility. In addition, other factors that lead to increased demand for health tourism services are ease of access, travel affordability, and innovative health technologies.
Tehran is one of the most important cities in Iran in providing health and treatment services in the region, and it has the most facilities and places for accommodation treatment. It is the capital of the Islamic Republic of Iran. For many years and in different governments, measures have been taken to create sustainable health tourism, but they still need to be managed and planned cohesively. Due to the existence of specialized and skilled treatment staff, the existence of up-to-date and even international facilities in hospitals and residential centers, and the low cost of treatment and leisure time, compared to other countries, this city is considered the primary option in providing health tourism services. Despite the efforts of various officials and stakeholders in this field, it is still observed that there are various challenges in creating sustainable health tourism in this city, which requires further investigation and deepening.
On the other hand, it is necessary to use the potential and actual capacities in this city so that in this research, it is possible to create a basis for effective measures to be taken to create sustainable health tourism. On the other hand, despite the importance of this issue and the existence of various research in the field of health tourism, it can be seen that comprehensive research that can analyze the critical components of creating sustainable health tourism in Tehran has not yet been carried out and needs to be done. It has more analysis and deepening. Therefore, investigating and analyzing critical components in health tourism development in Tehran are essential to show future research directions and enrich the health tourism literature. As a result, this study examines the critical components of sustainable health tourism while filling the theoretical gap in this field. It also examines the dynamics of this type of tourism more deeply.
Materials and Methods
Regarding practical purpose and methodology, this research is classified as mixed research. First, using the qualitative method of the panel of experts, the components and indicators related to the creation of sustainable health tourism in Tehran are counted and extracted; finally, using the quantitative survey method, each of the extracted items is tested. to comment on their authenticity and approval. The participants of the qualitative phase of the research, who were identified using purposeful sampling, are professors and executive and research specialists in the fields of tourism management, marketing management, urban and rural planning and management, medical service management, regional management, and development, development management, sociology, and management. Fifteen people participated in the panel. Moreover, in the quantitative phase, a questionnaire containing the above components and indicators was sent to experts and specialists in tourism - especially health tourism - to express their opinions regarding their proficiency and approval. The data collection tool is different in each phase. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted on tourism activities related to health, well-being, and well-being. With nature or environment" were organized in Tehran.
Discussion and Results
As we know, simply using and implementing a model cannot solve problems. For this reason, there is a need to create local and built models to be by with the spatial and temporal conditions and effectively achieve the goals. Therefore, referring to the items mentioned in the methodology section, using the expert panel method, the critical indicators of this area extracted from the perspective of tourism experts were examined and completed. It should be noted that the Padin Model’s components were considered the primary basis of these indicators and components. With semi-structured interviews of experts, 142 primary codes were extracted, which were categorized into three basic, organizing, and comprehensive themes using Attride-Stirling coding. By adopting the inductive approach, 71 basic themes, 24 organizing themes, and six global themes were extracted, placed in the three economic, social, and environmental dimensions of Padin’s model, and management and political, spatial, physical, and technological components were also added. In the quantitative part, the economic component has a higher rank and value among other components, which shows the importance and sensitivity of this category in the field of health tourism in Tehran.
Conclusions
The global prosperity in medical and health care has made tourist destinations and companies in health tourism an essential part of the tourism industry. This industry, a mixture of medical and health services, leisure, and entertainment, can be among the reliable economic, cultural, and social alternatives. From a theoretical and operational point of view, this study is expected to make a significant contribution to the field of health tourism, and the above findings can confirm this. According to the research findings, each of the themes extracted can be considered as strategies and policies that drive the development of health tourism in Tehran. The collaborative development of the public and private sectors is effective in this field, and the better development of academic cooperation and the health tourism industry can imply "sustainable health tourism" in the city of Tehran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tourism
  • Health Tourism
  • Medical Tourism
  • Mixed Study
  • Tehran
مراجع
  1. حبیبی، آرش، جلال‌نیا، راحله (۱۴۰۱). حداقل مربعات جزئی (PLS). تهران: نارون.
  2. حقیقی‌کفاش، مهدی، ضیایی، محمود، جعفری، قاسم (1385). اولویت‌بندی عوامل مربوط به توسعه گردشگری درمانی ایران. مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری، 4(11)، 40-23. dor:1001.1.23223294.1385.4.11.12.2.9.24
  3. خبرگزاری گردشگری سلامت ایران (1397). سه مانع مهم در مسیر توسعه گردشگری سلامت. مدتورپرس. قابل بازیابی از:

https://medtourpress.ir/موانع-توسعه-گردشگری-سلامت-در-ایران/

  1. عربشاهی‌کریزی، احمد، آریان‌فر، مرتضی (1392). گردشگری سلامت و قابلیت‌های گردشگری پزشکی- درمانی در ایران. جغرافیایی فضای گردشگری، 3(9)، 133-152.
  2. قربان‌پور، محمد، احسانی قهرمان لویی، مهناز (1397). گردشگری سلامت و عوامل تأثیرگذار بر آن در ایران. سومین کنفرانس ملی تحول و نوآوری سازمانی با رویکرد الگوی اسلامی ایرانی پیشرفت، مشهد. https://civilica.com/doc/962946/
  3. صادقی، سیدکمال، جهانگیری، خلیل (1391). برآورد تمایل به پرداخت گردشگران سلامت آبگرم‌های سرعین. مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری، 7(18)، 133-111.
  4. کرمی، زهرا، علی‌پور، خلیل، دریاباری، جمال الدین (1396). راهبردهای گردشگری سلامت در استان تهران. پنجمین کنفرانس علمی پژوهشی افق‌های نوین در علوم جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی معماری و شهرسازی ایران. https://civilica.com/doc/689600/
  5. Anaya Aguilar, R. (2011). Diagnóstico y Tendencias del Turismo de Balnearios en Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2011. Available online: https://riuma.uma.es/xmlui/handle/10630/5077 (accessed on 30 December 2020).
  6. Anaya-Aguilar, R., Gemar, G., & Anaya-Aguilar, C. (2021). Challenges of spa tourism in Andalusia: Experts’ proposed solutions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1829.‏
  7. Arellano, A. (2007). Patients Without Borders: The Emergence of Medical Tourism. Int. J. Health Serv. Adm. Eval, 2007, pp. 37, 193–198.
  8. Attride-Stirling, J. (2001). “Thematic Networks: An Analytic Tool for Qualitative Research”. Qualitative Research, 1(3), 385-405.
  9. Büyüközkan, G., Mukul, E., & Kongar, E. (2021). Health tourism strategy selection via SWOT analysis and integrated hesitant fuzzy linguistic AHP-MABAC approach. Socio-Econ. Plan. Sci, 2021; 74: 100929.
  10. Carpio, M., & Prieto, A. J. (2021). Expert panel, preventive maintenance of heritage buildings and fuzzy logic system: An application in Valdivia, Chile. Sustainability, 13(12), 6922.‏
  11. Carrera, P., & Lunt, N. (2010). A European perspective on Medical Tourism: the need for a knowledge base. International Journal of Health Services, 40(3), 469-484.
  12. Chang, L., & Beise-Zee, R. (2013). Consumer perception of healthfulness and appraisal of health-promoting tourist destinations. Rev, 2013, 68, 34–47.
  13. Chaulagain, S., Pizam, A., & Wang, Y. (2021). An integrated behavioral model for medical tourism: An American perspective. Travel Res, 2021, 60, 761–778. doi: 10.1177/0047287520907681.
  14. Connell, J. (2006). Medical Tourism: Sea, Sun, Sand and Surgery. Manag, 2006, pp. 27, 1093–1100.
  15. Crosby, A. (1996). Elementos Básicos para un Turismo Sostenible en las áreas Naturales; Centro Europeo de Formación Ambiental y Turística: Madrid, Spain, 1996. 
  16. Fernández Poncela, A. M. (2020). Turismo, Negocio o Desarrollo: El Caso de Huasca, México. Available online: https://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/16470 (accessed on 26 June 2020).
  17. Geitona, M., & Sarantopoulos, I. (2015). Medical Tourism-Investment in Health and Economy; Papazisis: Athina, Greece, 2015.
  18. Goodrich, J. N., & Goodrich, G. E. (1987). Health-care tourism—An exploratory study. Manag, 1987, 8, 217–222.
  19. Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1982). Epistemological and methodological bases of naturalistic inquiry. ECTJ, 30(4), 233-252.
  20. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  21. Hall, C. M. (2011). Health and medical tourism: A kill or cure for global public health? Rev, 2011, 66, 4–15.

 

 

 

  1. Hjalager, A. M. (2009). Innovations in travel medicine and the progress of Tourism-Selected narratives. Technovation, 29(9), 596–601.
  2. Hritz, N. M., Sidman, C. L., & D’Abundo, M. (2014). Segmenting the College Educated Generation Y Health and Wellness Traveler. Travel Tour. Mark, 2014, 31, 132–145.
  3. Jaramillo, J., Goyal, D., & Lung, C. (2019). Birth Tourism among Chinese Women. MCN Am. Matern. Nurs, 2019; 44:94–99. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0000000000000500.
  4. Karimi, R., Hesam, S., & Ostovar, R. (2021). Designing a Model for the Management of Health Tourism Development in Fars Province, Iran. Health Management & Information Science, 8(2), 107-118.‏
  5. Kirman, C. R., Sonawane, B. R., Seed, J. G., Azu, N. O., Barranco, W. T., Hamilton, W. R., ... & Hays, S. M. (2023). An evaluation of reproductive toxicity studies and data interpretation of N-methylpyrrolidone for risk assessment: An expert panel review. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 138, 105337.‏
  6. Koncul, N. (2012). Wellness: A new mode of tourism. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 25(2), 503-534.‏
  7. Illario, M., De Luca, V., Leonardini, L., Kucharczyk, M., Parent, A. S., Dantas, C., ... & Bousquet, J. (2019). Health tourism: an opportunity for sustainable development. Translational medicine UniSa, 19, 109.‏
  8. Lazzaretti, M., & Petrillo, E. (2006). Tourism Local Systems and Networking, Elsevier, Oxford.
  9. Lee, H. K., & Fernando, Y. (2015). The antecedents and outcomes of the medical tourism supply chain. Manag, 2015, 46,148–157. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2014.06.014
  10. Li, E. P. H., Min, H. J., & Lee, S. (2021). Soft power and nation rebranding the transformation of Korean national identity through cosmetic surgery tourism. Mark. Rev, 2021, 38,141–162. doi: 10.1108/IMR-01-2019-0053.
  11. Liu, Z. (2003). “Sustainable tourism development: a critique”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol. 11 No. 6, pp. 459-75.
  12. Lubowiecki-Vikuk, A., & Machnik, A. (2020). Sustainable Medical Tourism: Conceptual Framework.‏ https://cor.sgh.waw.pl/bitstream/handle/20.500.12182/892/Sustainable%20Medical%20Tourism....pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
  13. Lwin, H. N. N., Punnakitikashem, P., & Thananusak, T. (2021). The level and determinants of international patient satisfaction with dental tourism in Bangkok, Thailand. Cogent Bus. Manag, 2021; 8:1898316. doiI: 10.1080/23311975.2021.1898316.
  14. Maltsev, A., & Fechina, A. (2018). Global Health Services Market in the New Economic Conditions. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific Conference on New Industrialization: Global, National, Regional Dimension (SICNI 2018), Ekaterinburg, Russia, 4–5 December 2018; pp. 515–519.
  15. Moreno-González, A. A., León, C. J., & Fernández-Hernández, C. (2020). Health destination image: The influence of public health management and well-being conditions. Destin. Mark Manag, 2020; 16: 100430.
  16. Nikezic, S., Djordjevic, M., & Bataveljic, D. (2012). Improvement of spa tourism in the Republic of Serbia as a pattern of positive impact on ecology and regional development. Technol. Educ. Manag.-TTEM, 2012, 7,920–925.
  17. Nistoreanu, P., & Aluculesei, A. C. (2021). Can Spa tourism enhance water resources and turn them into a national brand? A theoretical review about the Romanian case. Information, 12(7), 270.‏
  18. Padin, C. (2012). A sustainable tourism planning model: components and relationships. European Business Review, 24(6), 510–518. doi:10.1108/09555341211270528
  19. Pelegrín-Borondo, J., Araújo-Vila, N., & Fraiz-Brea, J. A. (2020). Comparison of Spa choice between wellness tourists and healthcare/medical tourists. In Healthcare, 8(4), 544.‏
  20. Pessot, E., Spoladore, D., Zangiacomi, A., & Sacco, M. (2021). Natural resources in health tourism: a systematic literature review. Sustainability, 13(5), 2661.‏
  21. Piazolo, M., & Zanca, A. (2011). Medical Tourism—A Case Study for the USA, India, Germany, and Hungary. Acta Polytech. Hung, 2011, 8, 89–96.
  22. Cantó, J., Gómez Santamaría, I., González Martín, S., & Tarriño, E. (2002). Eds.; Editorial Cátedra, Letras Universales: Madrid, Spain. Plinio, Historia Natural, [Google Scholar]
  23. Radnic, R. A., Gracan, D., & Fister, M. (2009). Repositioning of thermal spa tourism of North-West Croatia in accordance with the European thermal spa tourism trends. Hosp. Manag, 2009, 15, 73–84.
  24. Reddy, S., York, V. K., & Brannon, L. A. (2010). Travel for Treatment: Students’ Perspective on Medical Tourism. International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(5), 510–522.
  25. Ross, K. (2001). Health tourism: An overview. HSMAI Mark. Rev, 2001, p. 27, 2001.
  26. Sa´nchez, M., & Pulido, J. I. (2008). Medida de la sostenibilidad turı´stica. Propuesta de un ı´ndice sinte´tico, Editorial Centro de Estudios Ramo´n Areces, S.A., Madrid, 148 pp.
  27. Santos-Roldán, L., Castillo Canalejo, A. M., Berbel-Pineda, J. M., & Palacios-Florencio, B. (2020). Sustainable tourism as a source of healthy tourism. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5353.‏
  28. Schalber, C., & Peters, M. (2012). Determinants of health tourism competitiveness: An Alpine case study. Turizam, 2012, 60, 307–323.
  29. Sheldon, P. J., & Bushell, R. (2009). Introduction to wellness and tourism. In Wellness and Tourism: Mind, Body, Spirit, Place; Cognizant Communication Corp.: Putnam Valley, NY, USA, 2009, pp. 3–18.
  30. Singh, N. (2013). Exploring the factors influencing the travel motivations of US medical tourists. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(5),436-454.
  31. Smith, M., & Puczkó, L. (2014). Health, Tourism and Hospitality: Spas, Wellness and Medical Travel, 2nd ed.; Routledge: London, UK, 2014.
  32. Snyder, J., Crooks, V. A., Adams, K., Kingsbury, P., & Johnston, R. (2011). The “Patient’s Physician One-Step Removed”: The Evolving Roles of Medical Tourism Facilitators. Med. Ethics, 2011, 37, 530–534.
  33. Szromek, A. R., Puciato, D., Markiewicz-Patkowska, J. I., & Colmekcioglu, N. (2022). Health tourism enterprises and adaptation for sustainable development. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, (ahead-of-print).‏ 35(1): 1-25.
  34. Tehran Times, (2023). Patients from 164 countries visit Iran for medical treatment. https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/488622/Patients-from-164-countries-visiting-Iran-for-medical-treatment
  35. Turner, L. (2007). ‘First World Health Care at Third World Prices’: Globalization, Bioethics and Medical Tourism. BioSocieties, 2007, pp. 2, 303–325.
  36. UNWTO, (2020). Available online: https://www.unwto.org/sustainable-development (accessed on 26 June 2020).
  37. Vrana, V. (2023). Sustainable Tourism Development and Innovation: Recent Advances and Challenges. Sustainability, 15(9), 7224.‏
  38. Wang, K., Xu, H., & Huang, L. (2019). Wellness tourism and spatial stigma: A case study of Bama, Tour. Manag, 2020; 78:104039. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2019.104039.
  39. World Tourism Organization & European Travel Commission, (WTO & ETC). Exploring Health Tourism—Executive Summary; UNWTO: Madrid, Spain, 2018.
  40. WTO, (2004). The Future of Traditional Destinations – Is their Experience Relevant to Emerging Countries in Europe?, World Tourism Organization, Madrid.
  41. WTO, (2008). Making Tourism More Sustainable: A Guide for Policy Makers, World Tourism Organization, Madrid.
  42. Xie, L., Guan, X., He, Y., & Huan, T. C. (2021). Wellness tourism: Customer-perceived value on customer engagement. Rev, 2021. doi: 10.1108/TR-06-2020-0281.
  43. Yang, J. Y., Paek, S., Kim, T., & Lee, T. H. (2015). Health tourism: Needs for healing experience and intentions for transformation in wellness resorts in Korea. J. Contemp. Hosp. Manag, 2015, 27, 1881–1904.
  44. Yu, J. Y., & Ko, T. G. (2012). A cross-cultural study of perceptions of medical tourism among Chinese, Japanese, and Korean tourists in Korea. Tourism Management, 33(1), 80-88.
  45. Zhang, Q., Zhang, H., & Xu, H. (2021). Health tourism destinations as therapeutic landscapes: Understanding the health perceptions of senior seasonal migrants. Sci. Med, 2021; 279:113951. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113951.
  46. Zhong, L., Deng, B., Morrison, A. M., Coca-Stefaniak, J. A., & Yang, L. (2021). Medical, health, and wellness tourism research—A review of the literature (1970–2020) and research agenda. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), 10875.
فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری
دوره 18، شماره 64 - شماره پیاپی 64
دی 1402
صفحه 61-102
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار