نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت گردشگری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری،دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت گردشگری، دانشکده مدیریت وحسابداری دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

رفتار جامعه میزبان نسبت به گردشگران، تابعی از ادراک آنها از مقایسه هزینه­ها و منافع حاصل از گردشگری است. شیوع کووید-19، منجر شد جامعه میزبان به این باور برسد که هزینه­های حضور گردشگران از مزایای آن بیشتر است و این درک، بر رفتار آنها نسبت به حضور گردشگران تأثیر منفی بگذارد. ادراک هزینه، توسط جامعه میزبان، در یک توالی زنجیره­وار، منجر به ادراک تهدید، شکل­گیری نگرش منفی و در نهایت، بروز رفتار منفی خواهد شد. متناسب با این روند، هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نگرش و رفتار جامعه میزبان نسبت به حضور گردشگران در دوران شیوع کووید-19 در مقصد گردشگری رامسر است. از تئوری تهدید یکپارچه به منظور شکل­دهی به چارچوب نظری استفاده گردید. روش پژوهش کیفی، جامعه­ی آماری، ساکنین شهر رامسر و روش نمونه­گیری قضاوتی بود و تعداد نمونه آماری مبتنی بر رسیدن به اشباع نظری 21 نفر به دست آمد. داده­ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه­ساختاریافته گردآوری شدند. تحلیل داده­ها بر اساس تحلیل محتوا و کدگذاری باز و محوری انجام پذیرفت. یافته­های پژوهش، ابعاد جدیدی از تعامل میزبان-گردشگر در دوران کرونا مبتنی بر تلفیق نظریه­های تبادل اجتماعی و تهدید یکپارچه را ارائه نمود. آنچه به عنوان نتیجه، می­توان بیان نمود، این است که با وجود آن­که نگرش اغلب مردم رامسر به حضور گردشگران در این دوران منفی بوده، عده­ای با تاکید بر وابستگی معیشت و اقتصاد شهر به گردشگری و تحت شروطی که در نتیجه­گیری پژوهش به آن­ها اشاره شده، معتقد بودند می­توان پذیرای گردشگران بود؛ در عین حال، سلامت مردم شهر در اولویت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Residents' Behavior towards Tourists during COVID-19 Outbreak

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Mohammad Mirtaghian Rudsari 1
  • Firoozeh Farokhian 2
  • Maryam Naghavi 2

1 Ph.D. Student in Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Department of Tourism Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Ph.D. Student in Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Department of Tourism Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The reaction of the community towards tourists is based on their perception of costs/profits of tourism. COVID-19's outbreaks led many host to believe that costs they receive from having tourists around, outweigh the benefits and this perception in turn, negatively influenced their reaction towards tourists. The perception of cost, by the community members, in a chain sequence, leads to the perception of threat, the formation of a negative attitude and, ultimately, the occurrence of negative behavior. In line with this trend, the purpose of this study is to investigate the attitude and the reaction of community towards tourists during the outbreak of Covid-19 in Ramsar destination. Integrated threat theory was used to shape the theoretical framework. The research method was qualitative. The statistical population was the citizens of Ramsar. The sampling method was judgmental and the sample size was considered to be 21 people based on achieving theoretical saturation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed based on content analysis and open and axial coding. the research findings presented new dimensions of host-tourist interaction in the Corona period based on the combination of theories of social exchange and integrated threat. According to the findings while general perception towards tourists was negative, some locals with emphasizing the dependency of local livelihoods on tourism, believed under certain conditions, tourists should be welcomed back to the city. In both cases, health and safety of locals should come first.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19
  • Cost Perception
  • Threat Perception
  • Negative Attitude
  • Negative Behavior
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