Tourism Management Studies

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Publication Ethics

Memorandum of Understanding

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

Article Writing Guide

Fails

Publons

This letter of scientific publications

Methodology for evaluation of scientific publications

آیین نامه اجرایی قانون پیگیری و مقابله با تقلب در تهیه آثار علمی

Role of Hotel Social Responsibility in the Green Behavior of Staff: The Case of 4- and 5-Star Hotels in Tabriz

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Graduated in Tourism, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

The study investigated the role of social responsibility in shaping the green behavior of hotel employees in four- and five-star hotels in Tabriz. Utilizing a positivist, quantitative approach, data was collected from 216 managers and employees selected via cluster sampling. Analysis using structural equation modeling and Amos software revealed that employees’ social responsibility and environmental concern significantly influence their green behavior. However, the effect of supporting sustainable tourism on green behavior was not confirmed. The study also found significant effect of social responsibility on environmental concern and support for sustainable tourism, as well as the significant effect of environmental concern on support for sustainable tourism.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References
  1. Abdo, S. S., & Edgar, D. (2025). Nurturing green behaviour: Exploring managerial competencies for effective green human resource management in hotels. Cleaner Production Letters,9, 00102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpl.2025.100102
  2. Abdullah, M. I., Huang, D., Sarfraz, M., Ivascu, L., & Riaz, A. (2020). Effects of internal service quality on nurses’ job satisfaction, commitment and performance: Mediating role of employee well-being. Nursing Open, 8(2), 607-619. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.665
  3. Agrawal, S., & Pradhan, S. (2023). Employee green behavior in hotels: The role of green human resource management, green transformational leadership and value congruence. Consumer Behavior in Tourism and Hospitality, 18(2), 241–255. https://doi.org/10.1108/CBTH-11-2022-0191
  4. Ahmad, F., Draz, M., Su, L., Ozturk, I., & Rauf, A. (2018). Tourism and environmental pollution: Evidence from the One Belt One Road Provinces of Western China. Sustainability, 10(10), 3520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103520
  5. Ahmed, M., Zehou, S., Raza, S. A., Qureshi, M. A., & Yousufi, S. Q. (2020). Impact of CSR and environmental triggers on employee green behavior: The mediating effect of employee well-being. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(5), 2225–2239. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1960
  6. Akehurst, G., Afonso, C., & Gonçalves, H. M. (2012). Re-examining green purchase behaviour and the green consumer profile: New evidences. Management Decision, 50(5), 972-988. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741211227726
  7. Alkandi, I. (2025). Nexus between green practices, green marketing, and business performance: The mediating role of corporate social responsibility in emerging economy. Discover Sustainability, 6(1), 329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01182-0
  8. AlSuwaidi, M., Eid, R., & Agag, G. (2021). Understanding the link between CSR and employee green behaviour. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 46, 50-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.11.008
  9. Behringer, K., & Szegedi, K. (2016). The role of CSR in achieving sustainable development - theoretical approach. European Scientific Journal, 12(22), 10-25.
  10. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n22p10
  11. Bissing-Olson, M. J., Iyer, A., Fielding, K. S., & Zacher, H. (2013). Relationships between daily affect and pro-environmental behavior at work: The moderating role of pro-environmental attitude. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(2), 156-175. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1788
  12. Biswas, A., & Roy, M. (2015). Leveraging factors for sustained green consumption behavior based on consumption value perceptions: Testing the structural model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 95, 332-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.02.042
  13. Blázquez-Salom, M., Blanco-Romero, A., Vera-Rebollo, F., & Ivars-Baidal, J. (2019). Territorial tourism planning in Spain: From boosterism to tourism degrowth? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(10), 1764-1785. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1675073
  14. Chan, E. S., & Wong, S. C. (2006). Motivations for ISO 14001 in the hotel industry. Tourism Management, 27(3), 481-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.10.007
  15. Chea, A. C. (2024). Green marketing and consumer behavior: An analytical literature review and marketing implications. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 41(2), 78-92. 
  16. Cheema, S., Afsar, B., Al-Ghazali, B. M., & Maqsoom, A. (2020). Retracted: How employee’s perceived corporate social responsibility affects employee’s pro-environmental behaviour? The influence of organizational identification, corporate entrepreneurship, and environmental consciousness. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(3), 616-629. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1826
  17. Chen, G., Sabir, A., Rasheed, M. F., Belascu, L., & Su, C.-W. (2024). Green marketing horizon: Industry sustainability through marketing and innovation. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(4), 100606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100606
  18. Cho, S. J., Chung, C. Y., & Young, J. (2019). Study on the relationship between CSR and financial performance. Sustainability, 11(2), 343. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020343
  19. Chung, K. C. (2020). Green marketing orientation: Achieving sustainable development in green hotel management. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(6), 722-738. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2020.1693471
  20. Dyllick, T., & Muff, K. (2016). Clarifying the meaning of sustainable business: Introducing a typology from business-as-usual to true business sustainability. Organization & Environment, 29(2), 156-174. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026615575176
  21. Edosomwan, H. S., Oguegbe, T. M., & Joe-Akunne, C. O. (2023). Workplace well-being in manufacturing organizations in Nigeria: Do employee green behavior, core self-evaluations and empowering leadership matter? International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 13(1), 97-107. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v13i1.42236
  22. El-Tahhan, E. A. K. S. (2023). Environmental awareness of employees as a mediating variable in the relationship between the marketing orientation of green star hotels and sustainable tourism in Egypt. Wseas Transactions on Business and Economics, 21, 248–265.  https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2024.21.23
  23. El-Tony, Y. F., & Choo, L. S. (2021). Cultivating employee green behavior: The essence of individual green value. In 2021 Third International Sustainability and Resilience Conference: Climate Change(pp. 334-338). IEEE.
  24. Fang, W.-T., Lien, C.-Y., Huang, Y.-W., Han, G., Shyu, G.-S., Chou, J.-Y., & Ng, E. (2018). Environmental literacy on ecotourism: A study on student knowledge, attitude, and behavioral intentions in China and Taiwan. Sustainability, 10(6), 1886. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10061886
  25. Halder, P., Hansen, E. N., Kangas, J., & Laukkanen, T. (2020). How national culture and ethics matter in consumers’ green consumption values. Journal of Cleaner Production, 265, 121754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121754
  26. Han, S., Li, G., Lubrano, M., & Xun, Z. (2020). Lie of the weak: Inconsistent corporate social responsibility activities of Chinese zombie firms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 253, 119858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119858
  27. Hassan, T. H., Shehata, H. S., El-Dief, M., & Salem, A. E. (2020). The social responsibility of tourism and hotel establishments and their role in sustainable tourism development in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 33(4), 1564-1570. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.334spl18-609
  28. Higgins-Desbiolles, F., Carnicelli, S., Krolikowski, C., Wijesinghe, G., & Boluk, K. (2019). Degrowing tourism: Rethinking tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(12), 1926-1944. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1601732
  29. Hughes, E., & Scheyvens, R. (2018). Development alternatives in the Pacific: How tourism corporates can work more effectively with local communities. Tourism Planning & Development, 15(5), 516-534. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2018.1478881
  30. Huo, X., Azhar, A., Rehman, N., & Majeed, N. (2022). The role of green human resource management practices in driving green performance in the context of manufacturing SMEs. Sustainability, 14(24), 16776. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416776
  31. Kanwal, S., Al Mamun, A., Wu, M., Bhatti, S. M., & Ali, M. H. (2024). Corporate social responsibility: A driver for green organizational climate and workplace pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(19), e38987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38987
  32. Katz, I. M., Rauvola, R. S., Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2022). Employee green behavior: A meta-analysis. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 29(5), 1146-1157. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2260
  33. Kerse, G. (2024). The effect of perceived green organizational support on employee green behavior: The moderating role of long-term orientation. Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management, 21(1), 1762. https://doi.org/10.14488/BJOPM.1762.2024
  34. Kerse, G., Maden, Ş., & Tartan Selçuk, E. (2021). Green transformational leadership, green intrinsic motivation and employee green behavior: The scale adaptation and relationship determination. Journal of Business Research-Turk, 13(2), 1574-1591.
  35. Khan, N. U., Cheng, J., Yasir. M., Saufi, R. A., Nawi, N. C., & Bazkiaei, H. A. (2022) Antecedents of employee green behavior in the hospitality industry. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 836109.https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.836109
  36. Khan, M. R., Khan, H. U. R., Tan, K. L., Lim, C. K., & Ahmed, M. F. (2021). Sustainable tourism policy, destination management and sustainable tourism development: A moderated-mediation model. Sustainability, 13(21), 12156. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112156
  37. Khattak, S., Nouman, M., Fayaz, M., Cismaș, L. M., Negruț, L., Negruț, C. V., & Salem, S. (2021). Corporate social responsibility and employee green behavior in the hospitality industry: A cross-country study. Sustainability, 13(19), 10534. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910534
  38. Kim, M., & Kim, Y. (2014). Corporate social responsibility and shareholder value of restaurant firms. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 40, 120-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.03.006
  39. Lee, S., Seo, K., & Sharma, A. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and firm performance in the airline industry: The moderating role of oil prices. Tourism Management, 38, 20-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.02.002
  40. Leung, X. Y., Xue, L., & Wen, H. (2019). Framing the sharing economy: Toward a sustainable ecosystem. Tourism Management, 71, 44-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.09.021
  41. Li, C., Agyeiwaah, E., & Zhao, Y. (2024). Understanding tourists’ eco-paralysis, environmental concern, and pro-environmental behavior: An explanatory sequential mixed methods study. Tourism Management, 32(10), 2060–2079. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2266778
  42. Li, X. (2022). Green innovation behavior toward sustainable tourism development: A dual mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 930973. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.930973
  43. Newton, J. D., Tsarenko, Y., Ferraro, C., & Sands, S. (2015). Environmental concern and environmental purchase intentions: The mediating role of learning strategy. Journal of Business Research, 68(9), 1974-1981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.007
  44. Norton, T. A., Parker, S. L., Zacher, H., & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2015). Employee green behavior: A theoretical framework, multilevel review, and future research agenda. Organization & Environment, 28(1), 103-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026615575773
  45. O'Neill, B. C., Carter, T. R., Ebi, K., Harrison, P. A., Kemp-Benedict, E., Kok, K., Kriegler, E., Preston, B. L., Riahi, K., Sillmann, J., van Ruijven, B. J., van Vuuren, D., Carlisle, D., Conde, C., Fuglestvedt, J., Green, C., Hasegawa, T., Leininger, J., Monteith, S., & Pichs-Madruga, R. (2020). Achievements and needs for the climate change scenario framework. Nature Climate Change, 10, 1074-1084. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00952-0
  46. Olubunmi, O. A., Xia, P. B., & Skitmore, M. (2016). Green building incentives: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 59, 1611-1621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.028
  47. Ones, D. S., & Dilchert, S. (2012). Employee green behaviors. In S. E. Jackson, D. S. Ones, & S. Dilchert (Eds.), Managing human resources for environmental sustainability (pp. 85-116). Jossey-Bass.
  48. Paskova, M., & Zelenka, J. (2019). How crucial is the social responsibility for tourism sustainability? Social Responsibility Journal, 15(4), 534-552. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-03-2018-0057
  49. Raharjo, K. (2019). The role of green management in creating sustainability performance on the small and medium enterprises. Management of Environmental Quality, 30(3), 557-577. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-03-2018-0053
  50. Rahman, M. H., Tanchangya, T., Rahman, J., Aktar, M. A., & Majumder, S. C. (2024). Corporate social responsibility and green financing behavior in Bangladesh: Towards sustainable tourism. Innovation and Green Development, 3(3), 100133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.igd.2024.100133
  51. Rajeswari, K., & Suganya, R. V. (2023). Green marketing and its influence on consumer purchasing behaviour. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 44(4), 3592-3601.
  52. Ravikumar, A., Al Subhi, S., & Meesala, K. M. (2022). Community perception and attitude towards sustainable tourism and environmental protection measures: An exploratory study in Muscat, Oman. Economies, 10(2), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10020029
  53. Raza, S. A., Khan, K. A., & Qamar, B. (2024). Understanding the influence of environmental triggers on tourists’ pro-environmental behaviors in the Pakistan’s tourism industry. Journal of Tourism Futures, 10 (1), 38-67. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-12-2021-0269
  54. Ruepert, A. M., Keizer, K., & Steg, L. (2017). The relationship between corporate environmental responsibility, employees’ biospheric values and pro-environmental behaviour at work. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 54, 65-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.10.006
  55. Ryu, E. (2011). Effects of skewness and kurtosis on normal-theory based maximum likelihood test statistic in multilevel structural equation modeling. Behavior Research Methods, 43, 1066–1074. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-011-0115-7
  56. Sarfraz, M., Ivascu, L., Abdullah, M. I., Ozturk, I., & Tariq, J. (2022). Exploring a pathway to sustainable performance in manufacturing firms: The interplay between innovation capabilities, green process and product innovations and digital leadership. Sustainability, 14(10), 5945. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105945
  57. Scott, D., Hall, C. M., & Gössling, S. (2019). Global tourism vulnerability to climate change. Annals of Tourism Research, 77, 49-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.05.007
  58. Sethi, S., Shah, F. A., Arif, M., & Jan, S. (2020). Mapping the link between corporate social responsibility and sustainable development in the Ayubia National Park Khyber. Journal of Mountain Science, 6(2), 373-384.
  59. Shahzad, M., Qu, Y., Zafar, A. U., & Appolloni, A. (2021). Does the interaction between the knowledge management process and sustainable development practices boost corporate green innovation? Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(8), 4206-4222. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2865
  60. Singal, M. (2014). Corporate social responsibility in the hospitality and tourism industry: Do family control and finances matter? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 81-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.08.002
  61. Sourvinou, A., & Filimonau, V. (2018). Planning for an environmental management programme in a luxury hotel and its perceived impact on staff: An exploratory case study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(4), 649–667. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1377721
  62. Su, L., & Swanson, S. R. (2019). Perceived corporate social responsibility’s impact on the well-being and supportive green behaviors of hotel employees: The mediating role of the employee-corporate relationship. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 72, 437-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.01.009
  63. Su, L., Huang, S., & Huang, J. (2016). Effects of destination social responsibility and tourism impacts on residents’ support for tourism and perceived quality of life. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(7), 1039-1057. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348016671395
  64. Suganthi, L. (2019). Examining the relationship between corporate social responsibility, performance, and employees’ pro-environmental behavior at work with green practices as mediator. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232, 739-750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.295
  65. Tamvada, M. (2020). Corporate social responsibility and accountability: A new theoretical foundation for regulating CSR. International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 5, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40991-019-0045-8
  66. Tao, Y.-T., Lin, M.-D., & Khan, A. (2022). The impact of CSR on green purchase intention: Empirical evidence from the green building industries in Taiwan. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1055505. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1055505
  67. Tian, Q., Liu, Y., & Fan, J. (2015). The effects of external stakeholder pressure and ethical leadership on corporate social responsibility in China. Journal of Management & Organization, 21(4), 388-410. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2015.14
  68. Tsoutsoura, M. (2004). Corporate social responsibility and financial performance. The Center for Responsible Business. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/111799p2
  69. Tuan, L. T. (2018). Activating tourists’ citizenship behavior for the environment: The roles of CSR and frontline employees’ citizenship behavior for the environment. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(7), 1178-1203. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1330337
  70. United Nations World Tourism Organization (2025), International tourism up 5% in first half of 2025 despite global challenges, https://www.untourism.int/un-tourism-world-tourism-barometer-data
  71. Vazifehdoust, H., Taleghani, M., Esmaeilpour, F., Nazari, K., & Khadang, M. (2013). Purchasing green to become greener: Factors influence consumers’ green purchasing behavior. Management Science Letters, 3(9), 2489-2500. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2013.08.013
  72. Vicente, J. M. (2024). Green tourist behavior analysis and its relationship with the choice of eco-tourism destination: An empirical study. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 12(4), 544-557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2024.11.003
  73. Wang, S., Du, J., Li, S., He, H., & Xu, W. (2019). Impact of tourism activities on glacial changes based on the tourism heat footprint (THF) method. Journal of Cleaner Production, 215, 845-853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.120
  74. Weerakkody, W. A. S., Johnson, L. W., & Daronkola, H. K. (2022). Role of green manufacturing practices on green knowledge and employee green behaviour in the manufacturing sector in Sri Lanka. In 2022 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon55799.2022.9906198
  75. Widyastuti, S., Said, M., Siswono, S., & Firmansyah, D. A. (2019). Customer trust through green corporate image, green marketing strategy, and social responsibility: A case study. European Research Studies Journal, 22(2), 83-99.
  76. Yang, J., Malik, S. Y., Mughal, Y. H., Azam, T., Khan, W., Chuadhry, M. A., Ilyas, M., & Cao, Y. (2023). Assessing the impact of corporate social responsibility, green shared vision on voluntary green work behavior: Mediating role of green human resource management. Sustainability, 15(23), 16398. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152316398
  77. Zhang, B., Yang, L., Cheng, X., & Chen, F. (2021). How does employee green behavior influence employee well-being? An empirical analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1661. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041669
  78. Zhang, L., Li, D., Cao, C., & Huang, S. (2018). The influence of greenwashing perception on green purchasing intentions: The mediating role of green word-of-mouth and moderating role of green concern. Journal of Cleaner Production, 187, 740-750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.201
  79. Zhang, Y., & Berhe, H. M. (2022). The impact of green investment and green marketing on business performance: The mediation role of corporate social responsibility in Ethiopia’s Chinese textile companies. Sustainability, 14(7), 3883. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073883
  80. Babaei, Y. & Fani, M. (2021). The effect of green human resource management on hotel employee environmental citizenship behavior and eco-friendly behavior. Tourism Management Studies, 16(56), 211-249. https://doi.org/10.22054/tms.2021.50812.2286 [In Persian]
  81. Babaei, Y., & Sheikhhasani, N. (2025). Evaluation of factors affecting the environmental performance of hotel employees (Case study: Hotels in Yazd city). Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 14(54), 111-142. https://doi.org/10.22080/jtpd.2025.29572.4011 [In Persian]
  82. Sabokro, M., Saeida Ardakani, S., & Kayedian, A. (2021). The impact of green human resource management on environmental performance mediated by enabling factors in green organizational culture, organizational commitment and environmental behavior case of study: Hotels in Yazd. Journal of Tourism and Development, 10(4), 231-247. https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2020.241976.2097 [In Persian]
  83. Vahabzadeh Dehkharghani M, Ahmadzadeh H, Manouchehri Miandoab, A., & Panahi, A. (2021). Assessment and analysis of the sustainability status of tourism indicators in Tabriz using tourism life cycle model. Journal of Urban Economics and Management, 9(36), 17-36.       http://iueam.ir/article-1-1777-fa.html [In Persian]
  84. Yousefi, J., Ziaee, M., Karimi Alavijeh, M. R., & Mahmoudzadeh, S. M. (2023). Explaining social responsibility model in hotel industry: A meta-synthesis approach. Iranian Journal of Management Sciences, 17(66), 57-94. [In Persian]
  85. Zargham Boroujeni, H., Babaei, Y., & Sheikh Hasani, N. (2020). The effect of social responsibility on sustainable tourism support in Sarein city. Journal of Tourism and Development, 9(4), 169-184. https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2020.177473.1684 [In Persian]
Tourism Management Studies
Volume 21, Issue 73 - Serial Number 73
April 2026
Pages 205-258
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics