Tourism Management Studies

Sociological Analysis of Tourism Patterns in Iran: The Role of Economic and Cultural Capital on Travel Patterns

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Fatemeh Derakhshan

Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22054/tms.2026.92073.3191
Abstract
Tourism, a significant form of cultural consumption, reflects various economic, social, and cultural factors. Drawing on an integrated framework of Bourdieu’s theory of distinction, social exchange, and the experience economy, this study examined the role of economic and cultural capital in shaping travel patterns. A quantitative survey design was employed. The population consisted of adult citizens nationwide, from whom a sample of 1,147 individuals across 31 provinces was selected through multi-stage sampling. Data collected via a researcher-designed questionnaire were analyzed using statistical tests. Findings showed respondents’ travel patterns were predominantly domestic, family-oriented, and reliant on private vehicles. Significant relationships were observed between capital levels and destination type, transport, and accommodation, with higher capital individuals opting for more diverse trips and formal services. Overall, tourism behavior reflects social position and access to resources, suggesting that addressing inequalities may contribute to more equitable travel opportunities.

Keywords

Economic Capital
Cultural Capital
Travel Patterns
Domestic Tourists
Sociology of Tourism
Subjects
Tourism Management Studies

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 01 June 2026

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