Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD student, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

In the era of intercity competition, city branding has become increasingly important as a strategic approach for attracting target audiences. The present study conducts a structural analysis of indicators influencing city branding in enhancing urban image and attracting targeted audiences, including specific international and domestic tourists. The research population consisted of 20 experts in tourism, urban management, and city marketing, selected purposively. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using MICMAC software to examine both direct and indirect relationships among 19 indicators. For enriched spatial analysis, two neighborhoods, being Narmak (with historical-traditional identity) and Elm-o-Sanat (with scientific-innovative functions), were selected as case studies. The findings indicated that leverage variables, such as institutional management coherence, the vitality of the creative economy, and advertising campaigns, have the greatest potential to generate effective changes in the urban branding system. Additionally, physical infrastructure and urban symbols (e.g., the richness and quality of historical heritage and public spaces) played a fundamental role in consolidating the city brand. The results of this study serve as a basis for policymaking to strengthen local brand positioning and attract specific target audiences.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1. Ghasemi, K. (2024). Enhancing urban livability: Analyzing Tehran through equitable land use distribution. Journal of Urban Management, 13(4), 596-608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2024.06.005
  2. Hatami, A., Sasanpour, F., Asadzadeh, H., & van Bodegom, P. M. (2023). Scenario analyses to reach smart sustainability in Tehran. Journal of Urban Management, 12(4), 385-397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.09.002
  3. Inkinen, T., Heikkonen, M., Makkonen, T., & Rautiainen, S. (2024). Multilayered spatial categories in tourism marketing and branding. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 31, 100867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2024.100867
  4. Jiang, C., Jiang, T., Lai, Z., Ou, X., & Gou, L. (2025). Optimization of the wellness path in China’s cultural and recreational tourism industry: A data-driven framework for health-focused travel plans. Systems and Soft Computing, 7, 200207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sasc.2025.200207
  5. Molaei Qelichi, M., Safdari Molan, A., & Murgante, B. (2023). Investigating the drivers of knowledge-based growth management using fuzzy MICMAC: A case study in Iran. Sustainability, 15(4), 3704. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043704
  6. Pellokila, I. R., Lamoren, D. S., & Otemusu, R. (2024). The effect of city branding on tourism business through city image as a moderating variable. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Social Science 2023 (iCAST-SS 2023)(pp. 335-342). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-202-6_40
  7. Verances, J., Rusmiatmoko, D., & Afifodin, M. A. (2024). Sustainable tourism and city branding: Balancing growth and authenticity. Journal of City: Branding and Authenticity, 2(1), 86-104. https://doi.org/10.61511/jcbau.v2i1.2024.910
  8. Zheng, C., & Liao, S. (2023). Evolutionary dynamics of the city brand influence of top ten global cities: Characteristics analysis driven by global news big data and intelligent semantic mining. Cities, 141, 104481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104481
  9. Adeli, Z., Ahmadvigeh, E., & Sharifirad, M. (2022). A review of urban branding experiences as a tool for economic development. Journal of Engineering and Construction Management, 6(4), 18-26. [In Persian]
  10. Ajilchi, M., Esmailpour, H., & Saeednia, H. (2024). Explaining factors affecting health tourism marketing: Case study of Tehran metropolis. Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal14(4),19-6.  https://doi.org/10.30488/gps.2024.461190.3749 [In Persian]
  11. Alalhesabi, M., & Moradi, G. (2020). Theoretical Analysis of the Relationship between Urban Image Components and Urban Branding. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar17(83), 63-74.  https://doi.org/10.22034/bagh.2019.164198.3920 [In Persian]
  12. Balilan Asl, L. (2023). Identifying and prioritizing factors affecting the city brand, Sahand city. Urban Structure and Function Studies Journal10(37), 253-277. https://doi.org/10.22080/usfs.2023.25684.2369 [In Persian]
  13. Goodarzi, M., Soltani, Z., & Matin Nejad, A. (2024). Compiling and Prioritizing Factors Affecting Medical Tourism Development in Ahvaz Metropolis. urban tourism11(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.22059/jut.2024.373612.1195 [In Persian]
  14. Goodarzi, M., Taghvaei, M., & Zangiabadi, A. (2014). Development of Domestic Medical Tourism in Shiraz. Health Information Management11(4), 485-496. [In Persian]
  15. Kamanroudi Kajouri, M., & MalekShah, A. (2021). Identity and branding orientations in Tehran's urban development plansUrban Management Studies13(45), 71-85. [In Persian]
  16. Mirzaei, S., & Zangiabadi, A. (2019). Spatial analysis of tourism Indicators and Urban Development with a Happy City Approach (Case Study: Shiraz metropolis). Scientific Journal of Geography and Planning23(59), 387-404. [In Persian]
  17. Mokhtari Malekabadi, R., Ghaffari, S. R., & Larabi, M. (2022). Investigating the role and position of urban management in urban branding (Case study: Isfahan City). Spatial Planning12(3), 25-46. https://doi.org/10.22108/sppl.2022.134138.1663 [In Persian]
  18. Sorkhedehi, F. (2024). Health and Medical Tourism in Iran; Capacities and Challenges. "Economic Security" Scientific Monthly12(4), 63-74. [In Persian]
  19. Taghvaei, M., & Goodarzi, M. (2015). Developing and prioritizing the formation of strategies in medical tourism (case study: Shiraz metropolis). Urban Studies and Planning Research7(24), 1-22.
  20. Vahidzadegan, F., & Zangiabadi, A. (2020). Measuring the Levels of Tourists’ Visual Recognition of Urban Landscape in Order to Explain the Brand of Tourist Destination. Journal of Environmental Studies46(3),559-[In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22059/jes.2021.315896.1008102
  21. Vahidzadegan, F., & Zangiabadi, A. (2021a). Investigating the role of brand image in tourism brand equity of Isfahan from the perspective of domestic tourists. Journal of Tourism and Development,10(4), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2021.263826.2220[In Persian]
  22. Vahidzadegan, F., & Zangiabadi, A. (2021b). Urban landscape evaluation to explain the city’s tourism brand, Case study: Isfahan metropolis. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development10(36), 28-47. https://doi.org/10.22080/jtpd.2021.20632.3452[In Persian]
  23. Vahidzadegan, F., & Zangiabadi, A. (2021c). Explaining the interaction between tourism brand equity and urban landscape from the perspective of foreign tourists (Case study: Isfahan metropolis). Tourism Management Studies16(53), 173-200. https://doi.org/10.22054/tms.2021.57888.2466[In Persian]