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ارزیابی و پهنه‌بندی توانمندی‌های ژئوتوریستی شهرستان طارم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ایران.

2 استاد ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ایران.

4 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه بزرگمهر قائنات، قاین، ایران.

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر با هدف قابلیت‌سنجی و پهنه‌بندی توانمندی‌های ژئوتوریستی شهرستان طارم انجام شده است. روش تحقیق در پژوهش حاضر، آمیخته (کمی-کیفی) با هدف کاربردی و ماهیت تحلیلی- اکتشافی می‌باشد که در راستای تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل اطلاعات از روش قابلیت‌سنجی کومانسکو، مدل تحلیل شبکه‌ای فازی و همچنین، نرم‌افزار GIS استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که ژئوسایت‌های شهرستان طارم دارای ارزش‌های ژئوتوریستی بالایی هستند، به‌طوری‌که ژئوسایت رودخانه ولیدر- شیت دارای بالاترین ارزش بوده و ژئوسایت رودخانه‌ قزل‌اوزن در رتبه‌ دوم و رودخانه‌ نوکیان در رتبه‌ سوم قرار دارد. همچنین، بررسی توانمندی معیارهای ژئوتوریستی شهرستان طارم نیز نشان می‌دهد که 49/46 درصد از مساحت محدوده مورد مطالعه جهت توسعه‌ ژئوتوریسم مناسب است. از طرفی، ژئوسایت‌های با ارزش بالا در مدل کومانسکو با پهنه‌های مستعد ژئوتوریستی حاصل از پهنه‌بندی در شهرستان طارم منطبق هستند و سطح قابل قبولی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and zoning of the geotourism capabilities of Tarom county

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Karami 1
  • Davoud Mokhtari 2
  • Kimia Dadgar 3
  • Ahmad Asadi 4

1 Professor of Geomorphology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Professor of Geomorphology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Master of Geomorphology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor of Geography & Urban Planning, Bozorgmehr University of Qaenat, Qaen, Iran

چکیده [English]

The present research has been written to assess the capabilities and zoning of the geo-tourism capabilities of Tarom. The research method in the current research is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with a practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature; in order to analyze the information, Comanescu’s capability measurement method, Fuzzy Network Analysis Model (ANP-FUZZY), and also GIS software. The research results showed that the geo-sites of Tarom County have high geo-tourism values. Meanwhile, the geo-site of the Valider Sheit River has the highest value, the geo-site of the Ghezel Ozan River ranks second, and the Nokian River ranks third. Also, the investigation of the geo-tourism criteria of Tarom shows that 46.49% of the studied area is suitable for the development of geo-tourism. On the other hand, the geo-sites with high value in the Comanescu Model are consistent with the potential geo-tourism zones resulting from zoning in the county and have an acceptable level.
Introduction
Geo-tourism is a sustainable method of tourism that promotes environmental and cultural understanding and conservation of landscapes through the experience of various geological and geomorphological features of this geosphere, and its development can strengthen economic viability, community improvement, and geographic protection of landscape features. In general, geo-tourism can be created in a natural landscape where people are free to enjoy the spectacular views of the geosphere. Also, the attraction point of each landscape for the initial scope of geo-tourism depends on four types of tourism values: scientific, aesthetic, cultural, and economic. In the meantime, geo-morpho-sites are intrinsic and essential geological and geomorphological features of the earth's surface, which have significant scientific, aesthetic, and economic importance and have been discovered by human society. Also, different landscapes of the geosphere have witnessed the development of geo-tourism based on geo-morpho-sites. In a holistic approach toward the development of sustainable tourism, geo-morpho-sites are an essential basis for the development of geo-tourism.
On the other hand, geo-tourism plays a significant role in the protection of geo-morpho-sites. In the meantime, from the geo-cultural point of view, geo-tourism is considered a new way to develop less developed societies due to its economic efficiency. Therefore, in the approach of sustainable development of tourism, geo-tourism plays an essential role, and the development of geo-tourism on geo-morpho-sites can be done in the best way after evaluating geo-morpho-sites in a tourist environment. Considering the importance of geo-tourism as one of the essential species in achieving sustainable tourism, the purpose of this research is to evaluate and zoning the geo-tourism capabilities of Tarom County.
Research Question(s)

At what level are the geo-morpho-sites of Tarom County in terms of management and use, economic, cultural, aesthetic, and scientific values?
In terms of the desirability of geo-tourist capacity criteria, what is the state of Tarom County?

 Literature Review
The concept and approach of geo-tourism developed in the late 1980s after the recognition of geologists' schools, universities, and museums in the UK (Hose, 1995; Hose et al., 2011). The term "geo-tourism" was first coined in 1995 by Thomas A. Hughes, a professor of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol in England (Antic & Tomic, 2017; Grover & Mahanta, 2018). According to Thomas A. Hose (2005), geo-tourism is: "Ensuring the value and social preservation of geological and geomorphological sites and their resources and providing interpretive facilities and services for the use of students, tourists, and other casual recreationists." This definition clearly shows that the main focus of geo-tourism is interpretation, promotion, and conservation, which are all essential elements for the development of geo-tourism. Newsome and Dowling (2010) have stated that geo-tourism is an arrangement of tourism in natural areas that focuses specifically on landscape and geology and their interpretation, promotion, and protection with the help of education (Jonic, 2018).
Methodology
The research method in the current research is mixed (quantitative-qualitative), with a practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature. In this regard, first, the geo-sites of Tarom County were identified using interviews and field observations. In the second stage, the values of geo-sites were evaluated using the Comanescu capability measurement method. Finally, the geo-tourism capabilities of this county were evaluated using the Fuzzy Network Analysis Model (FUZZY-ANP) and questioning managers and officials, as well as benefiting from They were zoned based on criteria such as height, slope, land use, distance from communication road, distance from county or village, distance from geo-site, distance from river, distance from cultural sites. The statistical population of the research included the managers and officials of Tarom County, and 15 people were determined as the sample size by using a non-random sampling method.
Results
The research results showed that the geo-sites of Tarom County have high geo-tourism values. Meanwhile, the geo-site of the Valider-Shit River has the highest value, the geo-site of the Ghezel Ozan River ranks second, and the Nowkian River ranks third. Also, the investigation of the geo-tourism criteria of Tarom shows that 46.49% of the studied area is suitable for the development of geo-tourism. On the other hand, the geo-sites with high value in the Comanescu model are consistent with the potential geo-tourism zones resulting from zoning in Tarom County and have an acceptable level. In general, the results of this research can be used as a document in planning and environmental management for the sustainable development of tourism in the studied area by officials and planners.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geotourism
  • Geomorphosite
  • Capability assessment
  • Tarom county
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فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت گردشگری
دوره 18، شماره 64 - شماره پیاپی 64
دی 1402
صفحه 33-60
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