mahmud ziaee; moslem shojaee
Volume 5, Issue 13 , November 2010, , Pages 25-46
Abstract
Although the concept of classification has long been used in urban and regional planning and development, and has been widely published about, it is still a new concept in tourism literature both at national and international levels. In order to delineate this concept in tourism literature, its bases, ...
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Although the concept of classification has long been used in urban and regional planning and development, and has been widely published about, it is still a new concept in tourism literature both at national and international levels. In order to delineate this concept in tourism literature, its bases, principles, and significance need to be studied on, and a coherent conceptual framework needs to be set. Therefore, this paper tries to discuss the position of classifying destinations in tourism planning at first, and then it explains some other similar concepts in order to differentiate them and determines each of their applications. Following that, the principles of classifying tourism destinations have been identified in order to systematize this concept. Finally, its significance in spatial planning of tourism has been discussed
nader mazlumi; seyed hasan jalali
Volume 7, Issue 18 , August 2012, , Pages 25-48
Abstract
Tourism policy making, as an essential pillar in sustainable tourism development, is a fundamental priority for researchers to explore. In this vein, the current research probes into Iran's tourism policies, namely Tourism Development Vision and comprehensive national and regional plans, and highlights ...
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Tourism policy making, as an essential pillar in sustainable tourism development, is a fundamental priority for researchers to explore. In this vein, the current research probes into Iran's tourism policies, namely Tourism Development Vision and comprehensive national and regional plans, and highlights the need for identifying factors affecting the success or failure of these plans. The main questions dealt with in this study are about what and how social networks’ websites influence the success of tourism policies in the country. A total of 357 foreign tourists visiting Isfahan were chosen randomly. Subsequently, correlation test was performed on the data collected through structured questionnaires. Findings indicate that social networks’ websites influence trust and risk in tourism; and interaction of these two factors with travel intention ultimately affects the success or failure of Iran's tourism policymaking.
hamid zargham borujani; afrooz khosrovani dehkordi
Volume 7, Issue 19 , November 2012, , Pages 25-47
Abstract
Tourism is a global multidimensional phenomenon with profound impacts, which countries face when opening their borders. According to many researchers, tourism has the potential to affect international relations and is a means to promote peace in the world. It is a medium for public diplomacy and international ...
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Tourism is a global multidimensional phenomenon with profound impacts, which countries face when opening their borders. According to many researchers, tourism has the potential to affect international relations and is a means to promote peace in the world. It is a medium for public diplomacy and international outreach, and a powerful response to the challenges of globalism and terrorism. Previous studies suggest that tourism is not only a beneficiary of peace but also a vital force for promoting peace among nations. The main purpose of this study is prioritization of tourism development impacts on global peace index, and comparison of the impact intensity at the global level with the internal level. To answer the research questions, 44 individuals were interviewed using questionnaires. These groups of individuals were selected from among experts and managers of various sectors of tourism industry in Tehran. Data collected were analyzed using statistical methods of inference. Results depict global impacts of tourism, and its high potential of impacting the global peace index (3/3). Moreover the prioritization of tourism influences on global peace index, places the two indicators of respect for human rights and relations with neighbouring countries at the top.
Zahrasadat Mirzazadeh; Hossein Abdolmaleki
Abstract
The aim of this study is to design a model for barriers to sport tourism developmentin Mashhad. The present study is applied based on aim and descriptive-correlationbased on method. The population were professors and experts of sport managementin Mashhad. The data collection instrument was the questionnaire ...
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The aim of this study is to design a model for barriers to sport tourism developmentin Mashhad. The present study is applied based on aim and descriptive-correlationbased on method. The population were professors and experts of sport managementin Mashhad. The data collection instrument was the questionnaire that GoldiGoukelani (2011) used it in her research. At the level of inferential statistics.Statistical analysis showed that problems of management and human resourceshave a significant impact on sport tourism (β=0.568, P<0.05). Barriers of legalsponsor have a significant impact on sport tourism (β=0.24, P<0.05). Marketingbarriers have a significant impact on sport tourism (β=0.107, P<0.05), as well.Problems and barriers of infrastructure and facilities has a significant impact onsport tourism (β=0.158, P<0.05).Weakness of research and study has a significantimpact on sport tourism (β=0.568, P<0.05). And finally, cultural and educationalbarriers have a significant impact on sport tourism (β=0.568, P<0.05).
ali imanzadeh
Abstract
Medical tourism, as one of the subdirectories of health tourism is one of the most important branches of tourism industry that has great economic and social benefits. The aim of this study is lived experiences of medical tourists during their treatment in Tabriz hospitals. The study was conducted based ...
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Medical tourism, as one of the subdirectories of health tourism is one of the most important branches of tourism industry that has great economic and social benefits. The aim of this study is lived experiences of medical tourists during their treatment in Tabriz hospitals. The study was conducted based on the qualitative approach, using an interpretive phenomenological method. Participants in this study were 20 medical tourists in hospitals of Tabriz who were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The transcribed interviews were analyzed based on the hermeneutic approach using the analysis method proposed by Diekelmann, Allen, Tanner (1989). The mentioned interviews continued until no new meanings emerged and until the researchers were satisfied with the depth of their understanding. The analysis from lived experiences of medical tourists revealed five factors as the main reasons of choosing this hospital: financial, social and cultural issues, transportation, accommodation, and hospital structure. As one of the potential destination to become the country tourism hub, Tabriz medical tourism needs to remove obstacles such as brokerage, inappropriate administrative structure of hospitals, transportation, accommodation, and financial restriction
Mahdi Karobi; Fatemeh Yavari Gohar; Reza Sarkheil
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eco-tourism culture on conservation of Lar National Park. The research method was descriptive-survey and the data were collected by field survey. The statistical population of this study was all the researchers (ecotourists) of Lar National Park ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eco-tourism culture on conservation of Lar National Park. The research method was descriptive-survey and the data were collected by field survey. The statistical population of this study was all the researchers (ecotourists) of Lar National Park in 2017. Due to the limited statistical population (more than 100 thousand people), the statistical sample of the study was 384 tourists based on statistical tables (Krejci & Morgan) using an available sampling method. After distributing and collecting data and separating incomplete and confused questionnaires, statistical analysis was performed on 345 questionnaires. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire which its face and content validity were confirmed by 11 professors of tourism and environmental sciences. The structural validity of the questionnaire was examined by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire through Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the ecotourist culture’s questionnaire and national park protection’s questionnaire were obtained (α = 0.89) and (α = 0.90) respectively. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used and the research model was analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software. This project indicated that the variables of responsibility, social behavior, normalization, education, knowledge and awareness, and religious and traditional values are affecting environmental behaviors. As a general result, it can be said that culture is the determinant for tourist’s behavior in national parks and the environmental behavior of individuals in a community originated from this key factor.
Mehdi Haghighi Kafash; Davood Sadeghi; Ahad Ghassemi
Volume 8, Issue 23 , November 2013, , Pages 27-50
Abstract
This research is conducted with the aim of ranking the factors affecting the success of airlines’ strategic alliance, using experts’ points of view. For this purpose, based on the Hoffmann and Schlosser’s (2001) model for "Success Factors of Strategic Alliances", stages of the alliance ...
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This research is conducted with the aim of ranking the factors affecting the success of airlines’ strategic alliance, using experts’ points of view. For this purpose, based on the Hoffmann and Schlosser’s (2001) model for "Success Factors of Strategic Alliances", stages of the alliance evolution and its success factors were determined. Afterwards, the effect of these factors on the index of strategic alliance success and partners' satisfaction, were evaluated using the following criteria: financial success, market success, competitive condition improvement, and sustainability of the alliance. In this regard, points of view of 13 airline experts were sought. The initial questionnaire was formed out of the primary data taken from the interviews and observations, as well as the secondary data from library studies, which provided the tool for assessing the factors with most impact on the success of the airlines’ strategic alliances. Applying AHP, and with the help of the second questionnaire, the mentioned factors were ranked based on their impact on the alliance’s success. The resulted model indicated that the elements of alliance strategy symmetry with organization strategy, top management support, complementary competencies, trust-based mutual relationship, and agreement of fundamental values and objectives, all had an impact on the strategic alliance success or failure. Findings also revealed that the two factors of alliance strategy symmetry with organizational strategy, and the partner selection stage, had the most impact on the success of airlines strategic alliance. It has also been cleared that the market success was the confident criterion for evaluation of airlines alliance success.
bahram ranjbarian; mohamad zahedi
Volume 2, Issue 5 , September 2004, , Pages 27-51
Abstract
Tourism attractions of a destination are not limited to natural and historical sites, and art centers. Indeed every event could be an important source of attracting tourists, especially in cases that. destinations have less well known physical attraction. Tourism events have vast variety with respect ...
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Tourism attractions of a destination are not limited to natural and historical sites, and art centers. Indeed every event could be an important source of attracting tourists, especially in cases that. destinations have less well known physical attraction. Tourism events have vast variety with respect to their types: from rehearsal of songs by residents in the city of Can in France, to Oscar Film Festival, from horse racing in Turkoman Sahara, to Athena Olympic games. and from a religious ceremony in Saint Tattoos church in Azerbaijan. to hajj pilgrim, all of them provide religious. business, recreation. and shopping motives for people from all over the world to travel. Now a day it seems that schedules for holding such events have increasing trend . and destinations from all over the world are competing to prepare new and attractive tourism events. Since tourism development is a national policy in Iran economy. therefore designing and planning for new tourism events could provide a great opportunity to us. But it is obvious that the first step in this development is to acquire the require knowledge about the types and their management. In this article the types and key points in tourism event planning and management have been demonstrated.
Hossein Nikoo; Ali Morovati sharifabadi
Abstract
The purpose of the present research is to investigate the effect of CRM on organizational performance aspects in 3- to 5-star hotels of Mashhad. To do so, the effect of four CRM dimensions (including focus on main customers, CRM organization, knowledge management, and technology-based CRM) on each performance ...
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The purpose of the present research is to investigate the effect of CRM on organizational performance aspects in 3- to 5-star hotels of Mashhad. To do so, the effect of four CRM dimensions (including focus on main customers, CRM organization, knowledge management, and technology-based CRM) on each performance aspect (including financial affairs, customers, internal processes, and learning and development) was investigated. This is an applied study in terms of purpose and an analytical-survey study in terms of methodology. Statistical population of the study includes Managers 3 to 5 star hotels in Mashhad. Sample size of this research was determined as 63 hotels based on Krejcie and Morgan’s and Cohen’s Tables. Simple random sampling was used to collect data from questionnaires. Number of 75 questionnaires distributed among the managers of 3 to 5 star hotels in Mashhad. From 65 quastionaire that reclaimed, 63 of them were used.
Taghi Heydari; Asghar Rashidi; Ebrahim Hesari; Simin Tavalai
Volume 8, Issue 21 , April 2013, , Pages 29-57
Abstract
Tourism is being considered as one of the most influential industries with regard to its economic role. Taking into consideration Iran’s tourism capabilities as well as its attractions, the country is unable in performing its relevant share. Zanjan is not an exception, however. By identifying these ...
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Tourism is being considered as one of the most influential industries with regard to its economic role. Taking into consideration Iran’s tourism capabilities as well as its attractions, the country is unable in performing its relevant share. Zanjan is not an exception, however. By identifying these capabilities, Zanjan could perform its appropriate role regarding tourism. SWOT technique was applied in order to determine regarding the identification of strength, weakness, threats and opportunities and proposing an appropriate tourism strategy. Furthermore, AHP was applied for prioritization purposes regarding different strategies. The research method of this study is based on analytical-descriptive as well as based on field work and documentary method, this study suggests that defensive strategies with score of 0.367 has the highest comparative advantages as opposed to the other strategies. This indicates the removal of weakness and threats and the adoption of tourism appropriate comprehensive strategies for this city.
mahmud ziaee; leyla farmani
Abstract
Tour guides are frontline employees in the tourism industry who play an important role in providing informative and new experiences for tourists seeking exotic destinations like Iran. Success of the tourism industry very much depends on the performance of tour guides in each destination. Despite the ...
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Tour guides are frontline employees in the tourism industry who play an important role in providing informative and new experiences for tourists seeking exotic destinations like Iran. Success of the tourism industry very much depends on the performance of tour guides in each destination. Despite the importance of tour guiding in delivering a satisfied tour experience for package tourist, it has not attracted much of scholarly attention in the tourism discipline. Little research has been carried out in order to systematically examine the performance of tour guides throughout the world. This present research is aimed specifically at the assessment of attributes and performance parameters of tour guides in Iran. The evaluation here is based on the application of importance-performance analysis (IPA) factor as related to data assembled from incoming tours from European countries. IPA is a simple and useful technique in prioritizing decision options and resource allocation for an organization based on its product or service attributes. In this research, initially a list of all relevant tour guide attributes was documented based on an intensive literature review. After collating this data with advice obtained from well-informed experts including academics, tour operators, tour guides and officials from Iran’s Tourism Organization, and the Iranian Tour Guides Association, 31 relevant attributes were chosen. The next stage of this research required collection of tourists’ assessments of the relative importance of the tour guides’ attributes as expressed in the questionnaires provided for them, as well as the performance of their Iranian tour guides in these attributes. Data were collected in Tehran, from April to October 2010 at the end of their tours. A total of 270 copies of questionnaire were distributed between European tourists who travel in package tours to Iran. Among the returned
questionnaires, 142 questionnaires were deemed complete and usable. The cronbach's alpha of all performance & importance questions was
.95.The rating of their individual Iranian guides incorporated the use of the 5 point Likert scale and the IPA matrix was used to quantify tour guides’ strengths and weaknesses based on the chosen attributes. The results of the IPA data indicate that for European tourists the
Iranian tour guides performed well in attributes including, politeness, sense of humor, cooperation with other services staff, a good knowledge of the cultural and historical aspects of the tours, the respect paid to the customers, etc. The results also indicated that tour
guides in Iran should aim to improve their proficiency in the guiding language, problem solving, flexibility, interpretation between tourists and the local people they meet, an in depth knowledge of the various destinations visited and of the planned routes, presenting brief information and abilities in good presentation skills. The results of this research illustrate that use of the IPA model can be an effective managerial tool in its application to the evaluation of Iranian guides. Based on the identification of their strengths and weaknesses the results will assist practitioners with the allocation of resources to be effective in the improvement of the Iranian tour guiding service.
Mohammad Saleh Torkestani,; Kobra Bakhshizadeh Borj; Pedram Jahedi
Abstract
The success of tourism destinations depends on a proper understanding of the brand image of individuals, but individuals have different mental images which are potentially the basis for segmentation in the tourism market. The present study is primarily an attempt to develop a brand concept map method ...
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The success of tourism destinations depends on a proper understanding of the brand image of individuals, but individuals have different mental images which are potentially the basis for segmentation in the tourism market. The present study is primarily an attempt to develop a brand concept map method that is done by refining it with an inventive algorithm, so the research is developmental in terms of purpose. Secondly, to apply the refined Brand Concept Map method in practice this method is used for the tourism brand of Kish Free Zone. The statistical population of the study is people in Tehran city in two groups of people who have visited and those who haven’t visited the Kish Free Zone. The available sampling method is used. The four-step of extraction, segmentation, mapping, and interpretation of mental maps will ultimately lead to the identification of seven segments for the Kish Free Zone Tourism Market. According to the results, there are four categories of luxury tourists, price-sensitive tourists, non-loyal tourists, and Eco-tourists among people who have visited Kish and there are three categories of shoppers, entertainers, and immigrant among people who haven’t visited Kish
Hamid Zargham; mehdi ebrahimi; Faeze S. Mirfakhraddini
Volume 8, Issue 22 , June 2013, , Pages 31-72
Abstract
The aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of hotel services with Fuzzy BSC approach. Identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the hotel services from the financial, costumer, internal procedures, and growth and learning aspects are among the key aims of this research. The other ...
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The aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of hotel services with Fuzzy BSC approach. Identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the hotel services from the financial, costumer, internal procedures, and growth and learning aspects are among the key aims of this research. The other aim of this study is to use the research findings in order to compile and formulate strategies for the survival of hotels in the future. As data gathering tool, this research has made use of questionnaires which were filled by university professors and the hotel managers and senior employees working in Yazd Province’s 3 and above stared hotels. Mixed BSC / FANP / FTOPSIS approach was used in order to evaluate the service provided in the hotels. Additionally, the critical indices of hotel performance were identified via the ratio of importance-performance and Pareto rule. Results manifest that the service provided in the selected hotels are desirable in the costumer and internal procedures aspects; while the hotels have weak performance in both financial, and growth and learning aspects. Also, eight components of hotel service performance assessment (including: uniqueness of the hotels’ services, capital return, room occupancy rate, employeeproductivity, effective usage of marketing information by the staff, bilateral relationship with costumers, ratio of net interest to total income and new servicing procedure) were identified as the critical indices of success. The costumer and internal procedure aspects were proved to be in the first and fourth place of importance respectively.
Abolfazl Tajzadeh Namin; Zhaleh Hashemzadeh
Volume 9, Issue 26 , July 2014, , Pages 31-58
Abstract
The role of local music festivals in tourism developing;From the perspective of the potential tourists:Case study; local music of Azerbaijan region(Ashighlar)Abolfazl Tajzadeh Namin 0F∗Zhaleh Hashemzadeh1F∗∗AbstractMusical tourism is a combination of two interesting recreation thathave ...
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The role of local music festivals in tourism developing;From the perspective of the potential tourists:Case study; local music of Azerbaijan region(Ashighlar)Abolfazl Tajzadeh Namin 0F∗Zhaleh Hashemzadeh1F∗∗AbstractMusical tourism is a combination of two interesting recreation thathave a lot of favor around the world. Today in many of developedcountries have recognized high potential of music in attracting oftourists. Iran is a country with ancient civilization and culture, andwide variety of tribes that everyone has its own special culture identitythat provides an opportunity for developing of folk music tourism. Forinstance region of Azerbaijan is located in north west of Iran that thisregion besides of many kind of natural and cultural attractions has aninteresting local music called Ashighlar that it can be as a new culturalproduct. This research is tried to evaluate the role of folklore musicfestivals as a strategic marketing tool in a specific destination in orderto attract tourist and develop the local tourism. In the present paper,the data are collected via questionnaires distributed among potentialtourists presented in 8th National folk Music Festival held from 19thto 21st May 2013 at Vahdat Hall in Tehran. 120 questionnairesdistributed between the people who were present during performanceof Azerbaijan folklore music (Ashighlar) at festival in three days, 99questionnaires were usable after collecting. Eventually in base ofabove conceptions a conceptual model was designed. This article forvalidity of model and responding to hypothesizes used ConfirmatoryFactor Analysis and one sample T test by using LISREL and SPSSsoft wares. The results suggest that music festivals have ability inattracting of tourist and development of local tourism as welldevelopment of tourism causes conservation, revival and sustainabilityof folk music.Keywords: cultural tourism, musical tourism, folk music, Ashighlar∗ Associate Professor , Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.Tajzadehnamin@yahoo.com∗∗ Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Qom University, Qom, IranSubmitted: 2014/9/5 Accepted: 2015/2/6
Zohreh Fanni; Mojtaba Barghamadi; Majid Eskandarpour; Mansour Soleimani
Abstract
Climatic and geographical features of Gorgan (e.g. lying in thevicinity of North - and Razavi-khorasan, Semnan, Tehran, andMazandaran provinces) on the one hand and its cultural and historicalattractions (e.g. Existence of Turkman people and their handicrafts) onthe other, have rendered this city into ...
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Climatic and geographical features of Gorgan (e.g. lying in thevicinity of North - and Razavi-khorasan, Semnan, Tehran, andMazandaran provinces) on the one hand and its cultural and historicalattractions (e.g. Existence of Turkman people and their handicrafts) onthe other, have rendered this city into a prominent tourist spot. Thisresearch, aims to evaluate the Gorgan - tourists’ satisfaction level andthe principal factors affecting it. After distribution of 250questionnaires, data were analyzed through descriptive and analyticalstatistics methods. Results indicate that four factors including servicequality, environmental quality, host behavior quality, and servicescost, can explain more than %54 of the variance of the variables. Also,a significant correlation is observed between the mentioned factorsand the tourists’ satisfaction level. At the end, some suggestions areproposed for improving tourists’ satisfaction and tourism developmentin Gorgan.
Abstract
Information on characteristics and shopping behavior of tourists play critical role in marketing of tourist shopping destinations. This research aims to study the characteristics of Baneh tourists and its impact on their shopping behaviors. To this end, data was collected using questionnaires from 384 ...
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Information on characteristics and shopping behavior of tourists play critical role in marketing of tourist shopping destinations. This research aims to study the characteristics of Baneh tourists and its impact on their shopping behaviors. To this end, data was collected using questionnaires from 384 tourists during two high seasons of summer and Nowroz festival. The results show that, the marital status, and origin of the tourist had statistically significant influence on their shopping expenditure, shopping time and frequency of visit to Baneh. The education level of tourists had only significant relationship with methods of payment. Among the personal attributes, only the age had significant influence on several variables including shopping expenditure, Length of stay, accommodation type, method of payment and shopping duration. The shopping purpose had significant relationship with shopping behavior and shopping motivations and source of information had insignificant influence on it.
alireza puya; hamed mokhtari
Volume 7, Issue 17 , March 2012, , Pages 33-90
Abstract
Operations management has attracted extensive research attention during the recent years, yet there is a dearth of research that examines the taxonomy of service operations strategies. Regarding the pivotal role of the tourism industry in the economic growth of many countries and unique touristic characteristics ...
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Operations management has attracted extensive research attention during the recent years, yet there is a dearth of research that examines the taxonomy of service operations strategies. Regarding the pivotal role of the tourism industry in the economic growth of many countries and unique touristic characteristics of Mashhad city in Iran, the importance and necessity of such researches are indisputable. The aim of this study is to make taxonomy of service operations strategies in Mashhad’s hotels and apartment hotels, to be a pioneering research in Iran. The sample group consists of 80 hotels and 65 apartment hotels. The taxonomy presented contributes to the development and enhancement of operations management theory, and demonstrates the current crucial place and importance of the nine structural and infrastructural service operations strategic decisions in Iran’s hotel industry. This study uses a k-mean cluster analysis to develop a classification based on 9 service operations strategy dimensions. The effectiveness of the classification scheme is tested by multiple discriminant analysis. Four strategic clusters were identified, each tending to emphasize on a different dimension. The outcomes of this research were proved to be different from those of others.
Sustainable development of tourism
Fariba Karami; Davoud Mokhtari; Kimia Dadgar; Ahmad Asadi
Abstract
The present research has been written to assess the capabilities and zoning of the geo-tourism capabilities of Tarom. The research method in the current research is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with a practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature; in order to analyze the information, Comanescu’s ...
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The present research has been written to assess the capabilities and zoning of the geo-tourism capabilities of Tarom. The research method in the current research is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with a practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature; in order to analyze the information, Comanescu’s capability measurement method, Fuzzy Network Analysis Model (ANP-FUZZY), and also GIS software. The research results showed that the geo-sites of Tarom County have high geo-tourism values. Meanwhile, the geo-site of the Valider Sheit River has the highest value, the geo-site of the Ghezel Ozan River ranks second, and the Nokian River ranks third. Also, the investigation of the geo-tourism criteria of Tarom shows that 46.49% of the studied area is suitable for the development of geo-tourism. On the other hand, the geo-sites with high value in the Comanescu Model are consistent with the potential geo-tourism zones resulting from zoning in the county and have an acceptable level.IntroductionGeo-tourism is a sustainable method of tourism that promotes environmental and cultural understanding and conservation of landscapes through the experience of various geological and geomorphological features of this geosphere, and its development can strengthen economic viability, community improvement, and geographic protection of landscape features. In general, geo-tourism can be created in a natural landscape where people are free to enjoy the spectacular views of the geosphere. Also, the attraction point of each landscape for the initial scope of geo-tourism depends on four types of tourism values: scientific, aesthetic, cultural, and economic. In the meantime, geo-morpho-sites are intrinsic and essential geological and geomorphological features of the earth's surface, which have significant scientific, aesthetic, and economic importance and have been discovered by human society. Also, different landscapes of the geosphere have witnessed the development of geo-tourism based on geo-morpho-sites. In a holistic approach toward the development of sustainable tourism, geo-morpho-sites are an essential basis for the development of geo-tourism.On the other hand, geo-tourism plays a significant role in the protection of geo-morpho-sites. In the meantime, from the geo-cultural point of view, geo-tourism is considered a new way to develop less developed societies due to its economic efficiency. Therefore, in the approach of sustainable development of tourism, geo-tourism plays an essential role, and the development of geo-tourism on geo-morpho-sites can be done in the best way after evaluating geo-morpho-sites in a tourist environment. Considering the importance of geo-tourism as one of the essential species in achieving sustainable tourism, the purpose of this research is to evaluate and zoning the geo-tourism capabilities of Tarom County.Research Question(s)At what level are the geo-morpho-sites of Tarom County in terms of management and use, economic, cultural, aesthetic, and scientific values?In terms of the desirability of geo-tourist capacity criteria, what is the state of Tarom County? Literature ReviewThe concept and approach of geo-tourism developed in the late 1980s after the recognition of geologists' schools, universities, and museums in the UK (Hose, 1995; Hose et al., 2011). The term "geo-tourism" was first coined in 1995 by Thomas A. Hughes, a professor of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol in England (Antic & Tomic, 2017; Grover & Mahanta, 2018). According to Thomas A. Hose (2005), geo-tourism is: "Ensuring the value and social preservation of geological and geomorphological sites and their resources and providing interpretive facilities and services for the use of students, tourists, and other casual recreationists." This definition clearly shows that the main focus of geo-tourism is interpretation, promotion, and conservation, which are all essential elements for the development of geo-tourism. Newsome and Dowling (2010) have stated that geo-tourism is an arrangement of tourism in natural areas that focuses specifically on landscape and geology and their interpretation, promotion, and protection with the help of education (Jonic, 2018).MethodologyThe research method in the current research is mixed (quantitative-qualitative), with a practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature. In this regard, first, the geo-sites of Tarom County were identified using interviews and field observations. In the second stage, the values of geo-sites were evaluated using the Comanescu capability measurement method. Finally, the geo-tourism capabilities of this county were evaluated using the Fuzzy Network Analysis Model (FUZZY-ANP) and questioning managers and officials, as well as benefiting from They were zoned based on criteria such as height, slope, land use, distance from communication road, distance from county or village, distance from geo-site, distance from river, distance from cultural sites. The statistical population of the research included the managers and officials of Tarom County, and 15 people were determined as the sample size by using a non-random sampling method.ResultsThe research results showed that the geo-sites of Tarom County have high geo-tourism values. Meanwhile, the geo-site of the Valider-Shit River has the highest value, the geo-site of the Ghezel Ozan River ranks second, and the Nowkian River ranks third. Also, the investigation of the geo-tourism criteria of Tarom shows that 46.49% of the studied area is suitable for the development of geo-tourism. On the other hand, the geo-sites with high value in the Comanescu model are consistent with the potential geo-tourism zones resulting from zoning in Tarom County and have an acceptable level. In general, the results of this research can be used as a document in planning and environmental management for the sustainable development of tourism in the studied area by officials and planners.
Zohre Dehdashti; Sajjad Khani; Amin Ajali
Volume 9, Issue 25 , April 2014, , Pages 34-68
Abstract
The word-of-mouth (WOM) and non-conversational advertising are two well-established methods to attract tourists to destinations. Since the tourism product is mostly untestable before it is used, the role of advertisement is fortified. Consequently, the present research explores the impact of conversational ...
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The word-of-mouth (WOM) and non-conversational advertising are two well-established methods to attract tourists to destinations. Since the tourism product is mostly untestable before it is used, the role of advertisement is fortified. Consequently, the present research explores the impact of conversational and non-conversational advertising on promotion of brand equity in the touristic city of Isfahan. A questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample of 384 potential tourists to Isfahan. Data were analyzed through SEM and CFA by making use of SPSS and LISREL softwares. Results demonstrated that advertisement had no significant bearing on the destinations’ brand image, while at a 99 percent confidence level, WOM and customer experience showed a significant effect. Also, a significant impact was found exerting from conversational and non-conversational advertisement on customer experience. Customer experience itself influences brand equity, and the brand image affects destination brand equity, all at a 99 percent confidence level.
Volume 8, Issue 24 , January 2014, , Pages 35-58
mehdi kazemi; neda sohrabi nejhaad; mehrdad hamrahi
Volume 3, Issue 10 , November 2005, , Pages 35-52
Abstract
Numerous authors have pointed out the influence of trained and skillful human resource on tourism development. the aim of this paper is to, evaluate the quality of in-service training programs in tourism industry based on CIPP model in Fars Province. This model has four dimensions in eluding Context, ...
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Numerous authors have pointed out the influence of trained and skillful human resource on tourism development. the aim of this paper is to, evaluate the quality of in-service training programs in tourism industry based on CIPP model in Fars Province. This model has four dimensions in eluding Context, Input, Process and Output.The data is obtained from a survey applied to a sample of 253 trainees from a 1480 population who attended the training programs over a period of 5 years between 2000 and 2005.T-tests were used to evaluate data. Finding demonstrated that each dimension of the model had high quality but they were rather different. So a number of recommendations are made to improvement the in-service programs.
Mohammad Hasan Seif; Ahmad Rastegar; Tahereh Karimi Fard; Marzieh Tajvaran
Abstract
The main issue in this study was to investigate the factors affecting the environmental conservation behaviors of foreign tourists. The environment has been one of the main and most important concerns of human societies in the past few decades. Hence, in recent years, much attention has been paid to ...
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The main issue in this study was to investigate the factors affecting the environmental conservation behaviors of foreign tourists. The environment has been one of the main and most important concerns of human societies in the past few decades. Hence, in recent years, much attention has been paid to environmental problems. In the present study, effective factors on environmental conservation behaviors have been evaluated using the causal model and LISREL software. This research was conducted using the survey method and questionnaire. The statistical population includes foreign tourists who visited Fars province tourist sites in 1395. The sample size was 260 using the Cochran formula. According to the estimates of the coefficients of direct and indirect effects, the highest direct effect on environmental conservation behaviors related to personal norms (0.42), and the least was the indirect effect of place attachment (0.02).
Aliakbar Gholizadeh; Shahla Samadipour
Abstract
As a Labor-intensive industry, tourism helps to improve the economy through employment in tourist destinations, infrastructure development, maintaining financial resources, revitalizing historical and new tourist places, and better understanding of the world's people from each other. The mentioned factors ...
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As a Labor-intensive industry, tourism helps to improve the economy through employment in tourist destinations, infrastructure development, maintaining financial resources, revitalizing historical and new tourist places, and better understanding of the world's people from each other. The mentioned factors can lead to higher economic growth of the host countries and increase investment in other economic sectors. The housing sector is one of the sectors affected by increased economic growth. Thus, this article aims to analyze the effect of foreign tourism development on housing prices in Iran from the first quarter of 2012 to the first quarter of 2021. For this purpose, the number of foreign tourists entering the country as an indicator for the development of tourism and the variables of dollar price, population, the number of highways under the protection of the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, and the number of issued building permits were considered as control variables. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used for estimation. The estimation results showed that the number of foreign tourists negatively affected Iran’s housing prices during the studied period. Dollar price, population, and the number of highways under the protection of the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development positively affect housing prices, and the number of building permits issued hurts housing prices.IntroductionTourism is an industry with social, cultural, and economic dimensions that affect countries’ economic development. If properly planned and managed, this industry can increase production and economic growth, improve society’s standard of living and welfare, and employ production factors. Despite its political conflicts and economic sanctions, international visitors are drawn to Iran because of its four distinct seasons, ancient and historical landmarks, ethnic groups, and diverse cultures and customs. Iran’s economy is currently confronted with a scarcity of foreign exchange resources, on the one hand, attributable to its reliance on crude exports and the singular nature of its product, and on the other, the imposition of foreign sanctions and the pronounced risk associated with investing in the country. Tourism development is one factor that can contribute to currency earnings and mitigate issues resulting from currency deficiency. However, apart from its critical role in ensuring shelter, the housing sector assumes a heightened significance owing to the inefficiency of financial markets in Iran and the substantial return that can be obtained from housing investments.For this reason, to effectively plan and manage the housing sector, it is critical to identify the variables that influence housing prices, such as the growth of the tourism industry. This article’s primary objective is to answer the inquiry regarding the impact of tourism development on housing prices in Iran. In contrast to the majority of studies conducted in the field of the relationship between housing and tourism in Iran, which have frequently examined the impact of tourism on the cost of land or housing in a specific city or village, the current study focuses on the overall influx of tourists into the country. It is evaluated nationally, and its impact on housing prices is assessed at the macro level. An additional innovation of the article is the analysis of short-term and long-term relationships, which can result in more precise policy recommendations for distinct periods. Literature ReviewRecent socioeconomic changes, including the accumulation of wealth, an increase in permanent income, a rise in the value of leisure time, and an increase in the number of retirees with disposable income and time, have increased the demand for housing intended for recreation, according to Biagi et al. (2015). Moreover, notwithstanding the tax advantages, the demand for housing intended for recreational and vacation purposes has been augmented by the emergence of the global real estate market, which facilitates the process of acquiring housing abroad. Additionally, many international visitors travel to invest in the local real estate market; thus, some of these tourists may contribute to increased real estate demand. Cró, S., & Martins (2023), in research titled “Does tourism activity influence the dynamics of housing prices? Evidence for countries dependent on tourism,” examining the effects of tourism over the period 2000-2018 using the vector error correction model (VECM), analyzed housing prices in eight countries that are significant in the tourism industry. Results indicated that tourism development has a positive and statistically significant impact on housing prices over the short- and long-term. Methodology In order to examine the impact of foreign tourism growth on housing prices in Iran, the present study employs the model proposed by Kariş & Altintaş (2021): (1)The dependent variable in Equation 1 is denoted as and represents the housing price per square meter in thousand Rials. The primary independent variable of foreign tourism development is denoted as . Additional independent variables consist of the subsequent: is dollar price, is population as the quantity of people, is the number of building permits issued for construction, and is the number of highways protected by the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development. The present study’s analysis uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method.ResultsOne can estimate the model and interpret the outcomes by considering diagnostic test results’ long-term and short-term desirability. Table 1 displays the outcomes of Model estimation conducted using the ARDL method over the short- and long-term. Based on the data presented in the table, it is evident that housing prices in Iran experienced a decline from 2012Q2 to 2021Q2. The growth of international tourism has been correlated with a decrease in housing costs. Dollar price, population size, and the number of highways protected by the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development positively affect housing prices, and the number of building permits issues hurt housing prices. On the other hand, the error correction coefficient is equal to -0.157. It is significant at the 95% confidence level, which indicates the adjustment of approximately 16% of short-term disequilibrium towards the long-term trend.
shirin mahdavi; Mostafa Emadzadeh; azarnoush ansari
Abstract
The identification of tourism market segments helps to better develop travel packages and more efficient strategies. By identifying the expected values derived from the behavioral patterns and comparing them with the behavioral interests of the travel of elderly people, along with individual characteristics, ...
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The identification of tourism market segments helps to better develop travel packages and more efficient strategies. By identifying the expected values derived from the behavioral patterns and comparing them with the behavioral interests of the travel of elderly people, along with individual characteristics, the market for elderly tourists can be segmented and predicted. In terms of the purposes, this is an applied research and in terms of the data collection method, this is descriptive-survey. The qualitative approach and the Delphi method has been used to identify the expected values and, to predict market groups, a quantitative approach using neural networks has been used. This research has been conducted among 380 Esfahani and Tehrani elderly tourists using non-random and available sampling method. The results show that values are due to individual and personality traits, travel motives, travel experiences, travel style, and travel pleasure. The market for elderly tourists was identified and predicted based on the expected values, with the neural network technique in three conservative, prosperous and younger groups.
mohammadreza farzin; zahraa naad ali pour
Volume 5, Issue 14 , February 2011, , Pages 40-67
Abstract
Issues regarding Competition first started when Adams Smith published his famous book "Wealth of Nations". Until late 1980s there weren’t any theoretical frameworks for analysis, maintenance, and improvement of the competitiveness of a country or an industry, so all the economic analyses about ...
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Issues regarding Competition first started when Adams Smith published his famous book "Wealth of Nations". Until late 1980s there weren’t any theoretical frameworks for analysis, maintenance, and improvement of the competitiveness of a country or an industry, so all the economic analyses about competitiveness were based on varied indicators. To date, researchers like Porter (1980), Gilbert (1984) and Poon (1993) have proposed various strategies for identification of tourism destination competitiveness factors, but Crouch & Ritchie’s model has been the most comprehensive of all. With the use of Crouch and Ritchie's model, this paper aims to investigate and rank the factors affecting tourism competitive advantage of Chabahar region. The research was performed during the years 2009 - 2010. Results displayed prioritization of five indices of Crouch and Ritchie's model as following: Destination Policy Planning and Development; Destination Management; Core resources and Attractors; Supporting Factors and Resources; and Qualifying and Amplifying Determinants. Also findings indicated that factors such as climate, beautiful beaches and landscapes, security are among the strength points, while factors like visitor management, crises management, recreation centers, and marketing are of weak points of the region.
