Ali Khatami Firouzabadi1; Hossein Askaripoor; Ghasem Bakhshandeh
Volume 8, Issue 23 , November 2013, , Pages 71-96
Abstract
The difference between the Iran’s southern tourism coasts attraction and tourism facilities from one side and varieties of interests of tourists who wants to travel to these coastal lines from another hand increases the anxieties and confusions of tourists in choosing the most favorable tourism ...
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The difference between the Iran’s southern tourism coasts attraction and tourism facilities from one side and varieties of interests of tourists who wants to travel to these coastal lines from another hand increases the anxieties and confusions of tourists in choosing the most favorable tourism coast selection processes. Therefore, the recent project goals with offering travel pattern to south coastal lines collects data from 71 experienced people and 403 tourists chosen by judgmentally selection ,then has compared and ranked the six southern tourism coasts in Iran)Chabahar, Bandar-e Abbas, Kish, Qeshm, Bushehr and Ahvaz( according to attractions and tourism facilities by AHP method and EC software. In achieved pattern, the rank of each coast is determined in different criteria and Kish was known as the best tourism coast, and Chabahar, Qeshm, Bandar-e Abbas, Bushehr and Ahvaz are ranked respectively. At the end, the results were described to tourists, travel agencies and coastal city managers
Mohammad Fazeli; Sahar Jafar Salehi
Volume 8, Issue 22 , June 2013, , Pages 142-168
Abstract
Due to the intensity of the impact that tourists’ environmental
behavior has on the destination environments, this group of people are placed among those groups who are studied from their environmental behavior point of view. This article with a structured vision, surveys the effects of mental ...
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Due to the intensity of the impact that tourists’ environmental
behavior has on the destination environments, this group of people are placed among those groups who are studied from their environmental behavior point of view. This article with a structured vision, surveys the effects of mental and visional variables on the en-behavior of two types of tourists.
The study was performed through a combination of desk and field studies
– using questionnaire. Due to the lack of an accurate sampling framework for domestic tourists, by conducting a discovery work, 350 tourists were selected, where 200 of them belonged to Chalus statistical population and 150 individuals belonged to Isfahan. Collected data were assessed through descriptive and inferential statistical methods with the help of SPSS.
According to the findings of Pearson correlation test, there is significant and direct relationship between tourists' en-behavior and their environmental values, understanding of environmental benefits, cultural imagination, and cultural motivation. While no significant relationship was seen between environmental knowledge and tourists' en-behavior. According to the path analysis, imagination of place with a beta value of 0.75 has the greatest effect on the dependent variable of the study. In the second rank the variable of understanding of environmental benefits with a Beta value of 0.59 affects directly and indirectly the tourists' en-behaviors. Environmental motivation and environmental values with Beta scores of 0.35 and 0.29 respectively have significant direct effects on the dependent variable. In regression analysis of the paths, the environmental knowledge variable was removed from the model due to the insignificant obtained Beta. The mentioned factors totally explained 60% of the changes in tourists' en behaviors.
hasan danaii fard; seyed daryoush javid; ali asghar faani
Volume 7, Issue 19 , November 2012, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the policymaking instruments in Iran's tourism industry. This study tries to find an appropriate answer to the question of what instruments can be utilized in tourism policymaking. In order to find the response, researchers used a hybrid research method (qualitative-quantitative). ...
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The purpose of this study is to identify the policymaking instruments in Iran's tourism industry. This study tries to find an appropriate answer to the question of what instruments can be utilized in tourism policymaking. In order to find the response, researchers used a hybrid research method (qualitative-quantitative). Data were collected with a heuristic approach to tourism policy instruments. Based on the elements identified in this study, it can be inferred that identification of tourism policymaking tools is a solution for governments to pursue to the successful accomplishment of tourism development. Finally, it was indicated that respecting the role governments play in tourism, policymaking instruments can be divided into three categories: regulatory instruments, cognitive instruments, and normative instruments. In the quantitative section, the measure designed by researchers for confirming or refuting the hypotheses, possessed the required content validity and the approved Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient (0.857).
habib ebrahim pour; mohammad hasan zadeh; vali nemati
Volume 7, Issue 18 , August 2012, , Pages 73-92
Abstract
Organizational citizenship behavior is a type of voluntary behavior that is displayed out of the person’s own willingness, without any extrinsic motivation. This behavior is beyond the predefined duties of the employee and is done for helping out the organization or the customer, and entails no ...
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Organizational citizenship behavior is a type of voluntary behavior that is displayed out of the person’s own willingness, without any extrinsic motivation. This behavior is beyond the predefined duties of the employee and is done for helping out the organization or the customer, and entails no compensation. Existence of people with such behavior in organizations, not only helps accomplishing the organizational goals, but also acts a source of competitive advantage for institutions. The fruit of such behavior in individual level is loyalty of employees to organization and the job. This loyalty in tourism and hoteliering arenas translates into multiple returning of tourists and recommendation of destinations to others. Respecting the importance of organizational citizenship behavior in prosperity of hotels and formation of tourist loyalty, the current research engages in the study of its influence on loyalty of tourists accommodating in 2 and 3 stared hotels of Sarein. The method is descriptive-survey type. Statistical population encompasses the customers, managers and employees of different sections of hotels. Findings of the research revealed that indexes of citizenship behavior influence the tourist’s loyalty by different weights. In the end, some suggestions are provided for the hotel managers.
mahmud ziai; ali asghar saeedi; mojhgan torab ahmadi
Volume 7, Issue 17 , March 2012, , Pages 61-86
Abstract
In tourism, like any other service industry, the people offering service are a constituent part of the product, and their expertise, theoretical knowledge, and job skills undeniably affect the quality of services. Hence, Composition and implementation of human resource development strategies is of a ...
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In tourism, like any other service industry, the people offering service are a constituent part of the product, and their expertise, theoretical knowledge, and job skills undeniably affect the quality of services. Hence, Composition and implementation of human resource development strategies is of a great importance and education/training, therein, plays a major part. Higher education, compared to other educational levels, is of greater significance for being in charge of training expert human resources to create knowledge and transfer it to the lower levels. Among the component indices of higher education system, the scientific criteria, including learning factors, teaching factors, and learning conditions and facilities, correlate directly with the quality of academic courses. In order to explore the state of these criteria in tourism academic courses, two models are used: horizontal model (based on the scientific nature of courses) and vertical model (based on the education level and hierarchy). Having investigated the indices of scientific system of tourism education based on these two models, it allows ascertaining the efficiency of education system in terms of form and content. This research focuses on identification of the model and quality of scientific and learning criteria of tourism in Iran’s higher education, utilizing a comparative-longitudinal research method. A comparative study was also performed between Iran and Turkey, using interviews and secondary data analysis. Results indicate that although the number of students and tourism education centers has increased dramatically in Iran, the development model has not conformed to the selected horizontal and vertical models of the research in terms of form and content. In addition, serious shortcomings seem to exist in learning facilities and conditions of all educational courses.
mahmud jome pour; narges kiyumars
Volume 7, Issue 17 , March 2012, , Pages 73-92
Abstract
In the recent years, tourism has been recognized as one of the prominent strategies of rural development and poverty reduction especially in developing countries, and has been broadly attended by policy makers and practitioners. However, tourism has been an object of severe criticism by researchers and ...
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In the recent years, tourism has been recognized as one of the prominent strategies of rural development and poverty reduction especially in developing countries, and has been broadly attended by policy makers and practitioners. However, tourism has been an object of severe criticism by researchers and practitioners of rural development for being the focus of attentions in excessive and partial ways, lacking roots in development theories. With a critical approach, this research aims to investigate the capitals of Zeeyarat villagers and to evaluate the tourism impacts on the sustainable livelihood development in Zeeyarat village – in Gorgan County, Golestan province. This research is descriptive-analytical in nature using a case study method to investigate the impacts of tourism on the village development. The Time frame of the research is November 2010 until august 2011. Data are derived through various sources such as: questionnaire-based household survey, interviews, observations and secondary sources. Conducting the survey, questionnaires were distributed among 150 rural families which were selected by random sampling from among the total of 575 village households in 2011. Semi-structured interviews were also carried out with 18 individuals. Also two PRA sessions were held in order to obtain more detailed perspectives on tourism experiences in the village and its associated transformations, being a complement to the information obtained from household survey. Afterwards, Content analysis was adopted to analyze the collected data. Predetermined categories and themes employed in the analysis were based on the SLFT framework. In addition, the quantitative data from the questionnaire-survey (related to the livelihoods outcomes or sustainability) were analyzed using the SPSS software version 17.
ali akbar amin bidakhti; navid sharifi
Volume 7, Issue 17 , March 2012, , Pages 93-110
Abstract
Programs related to recreation and tourism is considered economic, social and cultural phenomena. Some experts conceive tourism as a driving force for the economic development of countries. In this regard, adopting appropriate solutions to increase feelings of trust and security within tourists visiting ...
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Programs related to recreation and tourism is considered economic, social and cultural phenomena. Some experts conceive tourism as a driving force for the economic development of countries. In this regard, adopting appropriate solutions to increase feelings of trust and security within tourists visiting a region is crucial in attracting tourists. The present research is descriptive-correlation type and offers a model capturing the relationship between social capital and the tourist boom in the Caspian Sea coastal areas. The statistical population of the research involves all the native inhabitants of the Caspian Sea and the tourists who visited the place, out of whom 229 were randomly selected for the sample. Collecting the data a researcher-made questionnaire was employed. In the data analysis phase, structural equations modeling technique was used for investigating the relationship between social capital and attraction of tourists. Findings confirm the proposed conceptual model depicting that social capital directly affects the attraction of tourists, and has a prominent impact on the subjective and objective security of tourists.
saeed isa zaddeh; soudeh ghodsi
Volume 7, Issue 17 , March 2012, , Pages 151-172
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the employment multipliers of the various sectors related to tourism industry. In this regard,the amount of direct, indirect, and induced jobs associated with tourism sectors were measured. Also, using the input-output table of 1380 of Iran’s economy,the first and second ...
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This study aims to estimate the employment multipliers of the various sectors related to tourism industry. In this regard,the amount of direct, indirect, and induced jobs associated with tourism sectors were measured. Also, using the input-output table of 1380 of Iran’s economy,the first and second employment multipliers were calculated.Results revealed that "wholesale and retail sales sector" with a normal multiplier of 0.002 and multiplier ratio of 15.15 obtains the first rank in creating jobs in Iran’s economy.
mostafa ghadami; sadegh salehi
Volume 7, Issue 17 , March 2012, , Pages 173-203
Abstract
The relationship between tourism and agriculture has been a challenging liaison in the tourism development literature. The state of relationship between these two important industries varies through a two-poled spectrum in which conflict is on one end and growth on the other. Given that most tourism ...
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The relationship between tourism and agriculture has been a challenging liaison in the tourism development literature. The state of relationship between these two important industries varies through a two-poled spectrum in which conflict is on one end and growth on the other. Given that most tourism destinations of the world are faced with rapid changes, adjusting the relationship between the two industries to move from a conflicting stance into a compatible situation, is a challenge for spatial management and planning. Coastal areas of Caspian Sea are concurrently agricultural and touristic destinations. With the increasing changes of the area in the recent decades, the relationship quality between the two sectors has become a critical issue in planning and regional development. Being this a matter of great concern in the region, this paper aims to investigate the entity of relationship between tourism and agriculture, and to identify the factors affecting the manner of this relationship, and finally to suggest some solutions. A survey analysis was conducted upon a statistical population consisting of farmers, administrations, real estate agents, and lawyers from two different areas: mountainous region of Chalous and plain lands of Nowshahr County. Results indicated that the relationship between stated industries is of the winner-loser type, being conflicting and destructive; as a matter of weaknesses in land-use management mechanisms, grave weaknesses in agriculture sector, mushrooming of real-estate agencies all around the area, and farmers’ attitudes regarding welfare—not expecting it to be achieved by way of agriculture. Finally the followings are suggested: Effective support of strategic agricultural products by government, reformation of land laws and regulations, establishing coherent executive and use-management mechanisms, and formulation of a structural-strategic plan for the purpose of spatial development in the region.
mirza hasan hoseyni; azam sazvar
Abstract
Tourism industry, due the fundamental role it has in the national economic growth, is one of the most sensitive industries to the quality issue. Also, identification of the level of tourists’ quality perception is the first step towards realizing tourists’ satisfaction goal and ultimately ...
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Tourism industry, due the fundamental role it has in the national economic growth, is one of the most sensitive industries to the quality issue. Also, identification of the level of tourists’ quality perception is the first step towards realizing tourists’ satisfaction goal and ultimately reaching a sustainable economy. This study attempts to shed light upon the gap between perception and expectation of foreign tourists visiting tourist attractions of Yazd. A total number of 270 questionnaires were distributed randomly to the tourists, 259 number of which were returned and collected. Our questionnaire was based on Narayan scale with ten dimensions, possessing approved reliability and validity. Results of the Mann-Whitney statistical test revealed that there exists a significant gap between respondent’s perceptions and expectations in the dimensions of information, price, hygiene, facilities, value for money, food, and security. For a better understanding of tourists’ needs, Kano model was taken advantage of. QFD results proposed 13 service elements that if applied, could lead to a better perception of quality among Yazd foreign tourists.
Edris Babakhanzadeh; Sedigheh Lotfi
Abstract
Rural tourism is one of the growing sectors in tourism industry thatcan play an important role in creating jobs, revitalizing rural life andpreserving various historical heritages of rural areas, and ultimatelyshaping an integrated and sustainable development. This paper aims toinvestigate the different ...
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Rural tourism is one of the growing sectors in tourism industry thatcan play an important role in creating jobs, revitalizing rural life andpreserving various historical heritages of rural areas, and ultimatelyshaping an integrated and sustainable development. This paper aims toinvestigate the different socio-economic and environmental impact oftourism on the village of Qouri Qaleh in the province of Kermanshah.This place attracts thousands of tourists annually due to its uniquenatural and historical heritages. The research is based on descriptive –analytical methods. A field work was conducted to collect the requireddata with the help of 150 questionnaires which were distributedamong residents of the village, using random sampling. Data wereanalyzed via SPSS. Results revealed a positive opinion of the ruralresidents about the economic impacts of tourism such as employmentopportunities and increase in people’s income. However, tourismdevelopment has led to land speculation and a rapid land-use changeat the cost of agricultural decline. Also, degradation of environmentby water pollution and overuse of rural natural resources, have creatednew challenges for tourism development in this village. From socialpoint of view there has been a considerable decline in rural urbanmigration, increase in people’s knowledge and improvement of ruralhousing. At the end, the paper presents some recommendations fortourism management and balanced development with respect to thecarrying capacity of the area.
habib ebrahim pour; mir ali seyed naghavi; nour mohammad yaghubi
Volume 5, Issue 14 , February 2011, , Pages 67-92
Abstract
For the positive social cultural and economic effects that tourism entails, it is turning into the fist leading industry in the world, giving rise to a considerable range of opportunities such as job creation, foreign exchange and gain of income. This research investigates two factors, tourist’s ...
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For the positive social cultural and economic effects that tourism entails, it is turning into the fist leading industry in the world, giving rise to a considerable range of opportunities such as job creation, foreign exchange and gain of income. This research investigates two factors, tourist’s satisfaction and loyalty, in the region of Sarein. It is applicable regarding the goal- type and methodology employed is correlation. Questionnaire is used as the main tool in gathering information. Statistical population of the research consists of the tourists who traveled to Sarein in August. Owing to the unknown number of tourists (Statistical population), available sampling method was employed. Also, correlation coefficient was utilized to analyze the questions, to confirm or rule out the hypotheses, and also to evaluate the strength of the relations. Findings displayed a positive relationship between ‘organizational and environmental factors’ and ‘satisfaction’, and also between these three factors and ‘loyalty’, (R= 0/71). As a result institutional and environmental factors increase satisfaction and consequently loyalty of tourists, leading to their return to the region and spread of word of mouth. In the end, improvement of the environmental and institutional factors was suggested.
mohammad rahim ramanian; pedram heydarnia kohan
Volume 5, Issue 14 , February 2011, , Pages 125-151
Abstract
Tourism is widely recognized as an important economic sector. No matter what the economic climate, tourism has a significant impact on global and local economies. Tourism has been recognized as a complex system. Therefore, business management in the tourism industry critically needs to consider supply ...
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Tourism is widely recognized as an important economic sector. No matter what the economic climate, tourism has a significant impact on global and local economies. Tourism has been recognized as a complex system. Therefore, business management in the tourism industry critically needs to consider supply chain perspectives to integrate the fragmented nature of this industry. Moreover, development of tourism industry and its negative environmental impacts force companies to adopt sustainable strategies. This article reviews related literature and presents an analytical model in order to identify potential factors which influence the environmental strategic decision-making process. We investigated the influence of these potential factors on tourism industry and particularly on the travel agencies of Iran. Thus, analytical model was employed to design a questionnaire based on which 15 Tour & Travel agencies of Tehran were investigated through semi-structured interviews. The results show that in the absence of organizational benefits, external pressures could lead to GSCM adoption; also that implementation of this strategy is prone to get limited by strategic myopia and some other organizational factors.
hasan asadi; amin pour naghi; noushin esfahani; hamid zeytunli
Volume 5, Issue 13 , November 2010, , Pages 47-64
Abstract
The present research aims to study the various dimensions of security in Iran’s sport tourism. The statistical population of this research include all of the international sport tourists such as athletes, coaches, trainers, doctors, journalists, and associated delegations, who participated in the ...
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The present research aims to study the various dimensions of security in Iran’s sport tourism. The statistical population of this research include all of the international sport tourists such as athletes, coaches, trainers, doctors, journalists, and associated delegations, who participated in the Fajr International Games (2010). The total number of the sample population is 420. The preliminary data were collected using a questionnaire devised by the researcher which its validity was approved by the experts. To determine the reliability, the questionnaires were distributed among 25 foreign sport tourists, resulting in Cronbach's alpha (α=0.83). This questionnaire investigated various dimensions such as the sport tourists satisfaction with the existing security in Iran, the security-disturbing factors from the view point of sport tourists before and after traveling to Iran, the role of the tourist police in the maintenance and improvement of tourism in Iran, the role of the media in depicting security in this country, and the measures these tourists suggest to be taken to improve security in Iran’s sport tourism. For data analysis, in the descriptive statistics section, standard deviation, cumulative frequency, cumulative frequency percentage, mean and mode were identified and for the evaluation of the data SPSS16 was employed. The results show that the major causes of worry for sport tourists before coming to Iran were: social aggressiveness, personal territory violation, and robbery. However, 34% of the tourists declared they were not worried at all about the security in Iran before their departure. The most prominent matters the sport tourists were anxious about, during their visit to Iran, were: lack of personal security, social aggressiveness, and psychological insecurity. However, regarding some security-disturbing matters like hitting, murder, rape, and terrorism, no signs of concern among the tourists were felt. Additionally, 53% of the sports tourist didn’t witness any security violating circumstances during their visit to Iran. Anyhow, the feeling of insecurity originating from the media, family and friends, decreased significantly after the tourists’ traveling to Iran.
mehdi haghighi kafash; mahmud ziaee; ghasem jafari
Volume 4, Issue 11.12 , May 2006, , Pages 23-40
Abstract
Tourism is a economic activity due to its specific nature and characteristics, opportunities to enter international business regardless of their level of development to provide been given. It is important to understand that these
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Tourism is a economic activity due to its specific nature and characteristics, opportunities to enter international business regardless of their level of development to provide been given. It is important to understand that these
hoseyn mohammadi; firuz ranjbar; masoumeh moghabel
Volume 4, Issue 11.12 , May 2006, , Pages 41-56
Abstract
Nowadays, the effect of climatic conditions on tourism activities is obvious. The aim of this study is to evaluate impact of climatic conditions on tourism
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Nowadays, the effect of climatic conditions on tourism activities is obvious. The aim of this study is to evaluate impact of climatic conditions on tourism
mehdi kazemi; neda sohrabi nejhaad; mehrdad hamrahi
Volume 3, Issue 10 , November 2005, , Pages 35-52
Abstract
Numerous authors have pointed out the influence of trained and skillful human resource on tourism development. the aim of this paper is to, evaluate the quality of in-service training programs in tourism industry based on CIPP model in Fars Province. This model has four dimensions in eluding Context, ...
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Numerous authors have pointed out the influence of trained and skillful human resource on tourism development. the aim of this paper is to, evaluate the quality of in-service training programs in tourism industry based on CIPP model in Fars Province. This model has four dimensions in eluding Context, Input, Process and Output.The data is obtained from a survey applied to a sample of 253 trainees from a 1480 population who attended the training programs over a period of 5 years between 2000 and 2005.T-tests were used to evaluate data. Finding demonstrated that each dimension of the model had high quality but they were rather different. So a number of recommendations are made to improvement the in-service programs.
mehdi karubi
Volume 3, Issue 10 , November 2005, , Pages 53-78
Abstract
Social Planners believe that without a correct cultural understanding of societies in terms of their differences and similarities, one cannot provide an adequate plan for attracting tourists and developing tourism industry. Today, one of the most effective sources of attracting tourists , is conducting ...
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Social Planners believe that without a correct cultural understanding of societies in terms of their differences and similarities, one cannot provide an adequate plan for attracting tourists and developing tourism industry. Today, one of the most effective sources of attracting tourists , is conducting a proper cultural treatment and focusing on cultural interactions, especially folklore. Folklore as a component of cultural in asset in Iran is considered as an opportunity in the development of tourism industry. Using a library and document processing technique and considering available theoretical arguments and empirical studies, this paper analyzes three fields of folklore, development and tourism and the relationship among them, with a special attention to the Iranian society. The findings suggest that Iran with a rich cultural civilization enjoys a variety of folklore in its geographical arena and can potentially motivate foreign tourists to visit tourism destinations and contribute to the development of this industry. However, since in traditional developing societies folklore is of great importance, this opportunity may sometimes be converted to a threat and thus necessitates a careful planning.
believed to hava an adverse effect on the environment, therefore,it can be neither effective nor efficient.Analysis of the attitudes of visitors and local community towards the importance of protecting this wildlife refuge and tourism development is the other outcome of this survey. Finally, strategies to implement an effective management system in protected areas have been proposed.
amirhoseyn shariati; bita yazdani; fereshteh haghighat
Volume 3, Issue 10 , November 2005, , Pages 79-104
Abstract
Present article concentrates on investigation of the effective factors of human resource management on profitability in Isfahan city hotels. Factors such as 1 )human relations; 2)human resource planning; })education; 4)reward's system; 5)performance management; 6)performance evaluation;7)discipline ; ...
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Present article concentrates on investigation of the effective factors of human resource management on profitability in Isfahan city hotels. Factors such as 1 )human relations; 2)human resource planning; })education; 4)reward's system; 5)performance management; 6)performance evaluation;7)discipline ; 8)human resource information system ;9)job design and I O)socialization have been tested. A self• made questionnaire was designed. Its validity was measured with Cronbach coefficient alpha of 89%. Then hypotheses were tasted in a statistical population of 49 persons which 15 were selected as primary sample. The result was a ranking classification of effective factors on customer profitability.
hoseyn mohammadi; forouz ranjbar; morteza mohammad jani; tahereh sadat hashemi
Volume 3, Issue 10 , November 2005, , Pages 129-148
Abstract
Nowadays, tourism is a dynamic industry which influences all aspects of a society and global sustem.This paper analyze the relationship between climate, as one of the natural factors. and tourism and the influences of climate change and global warning on tourism trends in different parts of the world. ...
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Nowadays, tourism is a dynamic industry which influences all aspects of a society and global sustem.This paper analyze the relationship between climate, as one of the natural factors. and tourism and the influences of climate change and global warning on tourism trends in different parts of the world. The study method is descriptive and considers the results of previously done researches. The results show that there is a strong relationship between climate and tourism activities.'In fact, an appropriate climate in terms of temperature, aesthetics and physical conditions can potentially attract tourists. Tourism-related activities such as transportation and fuel consumption play an important role in the global climate change. Climate change may transform the climatic conditions suitable for tourism. For example, it is forecast that climate change may increase
hamid zargham; moslem shojaee
Volume 3, Issue 9 , August 2005, , Pages 74-90
Abstract
Domestic tourism, with so many negative and positive social, cultural, economic and environmental impacts, is important part of internal travels. Studying tourists' attitudes, motivations and behaviors in destinations is very significant in identifying these impacts and contributes greatly to enhancing ...
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Domestic tourism, with so many negative and positive social, cultural, economic and environmental impacts, is important part of internal travels. Studying tourists' attitudes, motivations and behaviors in destinations is very significant in identifying these impacts and contributes greatly to enhancing the strengths and removing the weaknesses. It also enables the managers to come up with applicable solutions and helps them in decision making. The findings of this article are extracted from 100 questionnaires filled in 3 different locations on Haraz Road on March 2007. This paper tries to outline a profile of the tourists in Mazandaran Province in light of the gathered data.
mehdi rastghalam; seyedahmad khatunabadi
Volume 2, Issue 7 , March 2005, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Branding is one of the determinants of brand equity in the global hotel industry. This study aims to investigate the mediating effects of consumer satisfaction on the relationship between consumer-based brand equity and brand loyalty in Pars Hotels Investment Company. The conceptual model embraces independent ...
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Branding is one of the determinants of brand equity in the global hotel industry. This study aims to investigate the mediating effects of consumer satisfaction on the relationship between consumer-based brand equity and brand loyalty in Pars Hotels Investment Company. The conceptual model embraces independent variables of physical quality, staff behavior, ideal self-congruence, brand identity, lifestyle- congruence, and brand awareness; mediator variable of consumer satisfaction; and dependent variable of brand loyalty. This study is a survey type research. As for the sampling technique, multi-stage sampling is used with 385 guests of Pars Hotels in Kerman and Tabriz constituting the sample population. In the data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis is used to confirm the model and the structural equations (simultaneous multiple regression analysis) to answer the hypotheses. Our findings revealed that the physical quality, staff behavior, ideal self-congruence, brand identity, lifestyle- congruence, and brand awareness have significant direct impact on consumer satisfaction; consumer satisfaction has a significant direct impact on brand loyalty; and consumer satisfaction mediates the effects of physical quality, staff behavior, ideal self-congruence, brand identity, lifestyle-congruence, and brand awareness on brand loyalty.
mahmud jome poor; narjes kiumars
Volume 2, Issue 7 , March 2005, , Pages 87-120
Abstract
In the recent years, tourism has been recognized as one of the prominent strategies of rural development and poverty reduction especially in developing countries, and has been broadly attended by policy makers and practitioners. However, tourism has been an object of severe criticism by researchers and ...
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In the recent years, tourism has been recognized as one of the prominent strategies of rural development and poverty reduction especially in developing countries, and has been broadly attended by policy makers and practitioners. However, tourism has been an object of severe criticism by researchers and practitioners of rural development for being the focus of attentions in excessive and partial ways, lacking roots in development theories. With a critical approach, this research aims to investigate the capitals of Zeeyarat villagers and to evaluate the tourism impacts on the sustainable livelihood development in Zeeyarat village – in Gorgan County, Golestan province. This research is descriptive-analytical in nature using a case study method to investigate the impacts of tourism on the village development. The Time frame of the research is November 2010 until august 2011. Data are derived through various sources such as: questionnaire-based household survey, interviews, observations and secondary sources. Conducting the survey, questionnaires were distributed among 150 rural families which were selected by random sampling from among the total of 575 village households in 2011. Semi-structured interviews were also carried out with 18 individuals. Also two PRA sessions were held in order to obtain more detailed perspectives on tourism experiences in the village and its associated transformations, being a complement to the information obtained from household survey. Afterwards, Content analysis was adopted to analyze the collected data. Predetermined categories and themes employed in the analysis were based on the SLFT framework. In addition, the quantitative data from the questionnaire-survey (related to the livelihoods outcomes or sustainability) were analyzed using the SPSS software version 17.
akbar amin bidbakhti; navid sharifi
Volume 2, Issue 7 , March 2005, , Pages 121-150
Abstract
Programs related to recreation and tourism is considered economic, social and cultural phenomena. Some experts conceive tourism as a driving force for the economic development of countries. In this regard, adopting appropriate solutions to increase feelings of trust and security within tourists visiting ...
Read More
Programs related to recreation and tourism is considered economic, social and cultural phenomena. Some experts conceive tourism as a driving force for the economic development of countries. In this regard, adopting appropriate solutions to increase feelings of trust and security within tourists visiting a region is crucial in attracting tourists. The present research is descriptive-correlation type and offers a model capturing the relationship between social capital and the tourist boom in the Caspian Sea coastal areas. The statistical population of the research involves all the native inhabitants of the Caspian Sea and the tourists who visited the place, out of whom 229 were randomly selected for the sample. Collecting the data a researcher-made questionnaire was employed. In the data analysis phase, structural equations modeling technique was used for investigating the relationship between social capital and attraction of tourists. Findings confirm the proposed conceptual model depicting that social capital directly affects the attraction of tourists, and has a prominent impact on the subjective and objective security of tourists.
saeed isa zadeh; soudeh ghodsi
Volume 2, Issue 7 , March 2005, , Pages 151-172
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the employment multipliers of the various sectors related to tourism industry. In this regard, the amount of direct, indirect, and induced jobs associated with tourism sectors were measured. Also, using the input-output table of 1380 of Iran’s economy, the first and ...
Read More
This study aims to estimate the employment multipliers of the various sectors related to tourism industry. In this regard, the amount of direct, indirect, and induced jobs associated with tourism sectors were measured. Also, using the input-output table of 1380 of Iran’s economy, the first and second employment multipliers were calculated. Results revealed that "wholesale and retail sales sector" with a normal multiplier of 0.002 and multiplier ratio of 15.15 obtains the first rank in creating jobs in Iran’s economy.
